摘要
面向服务架构被认为是信息规划、应用集成和系统工程的一种最新范式，Web服务提供了实现面向服务架构的技术体系。面向服务架构与Web服务，可以最佳实现业务敏捷性和保持信息系统灵活性，也是实现系统互操作和复用的理想技术。
面向服务架构的实现和推广需要有针对性的系统工程方法与工具，来支持和体现服务概念、面向服务架构和Web服务技术的特点。面向服务架构与技术最突出的特点体现在两个方面：概念上面向服务业务与技术具有一致性；开发上面向服务系统不再关注Web服务的开发和编程，而是更强调系统的工程分析与设计。
本文针对当前信息化领域存在的业务需求和系统实现脱节、不同背景人士协作困难等问题，提出一种以业务为中心，多模型驱动、多视图同步、多角色协同的面向服务系统开发方法。该方法定位于系统分析与设计，基于面向服务的业务模型、流程模型和服务元模型，构造支持可视化建模的业务视图、流程视图和服务视图，并且通过全局信息模型，以服务为线索建立多模型转换规则，实现各视图在系统开发过程中设计同步、操作独立。
基于服务相关概念在业务领域和信息技术领域的一致性，该方法支持非技术背景的业务人士进行业务建模和服务定义。针对该方法实现的面向服务系统工程平台，使不同知识背景人士能够从不同视图参与系统分析与实现过程，实现以业务为中心的需求驱动开发，避免系统实现偏离业务需求。
围绕该方法和平台，本文主要做了以下几方面工作：
1．提出了一种多模型驱动、多视图同步、多角色协同的面向服务系统开发方法，并以该方法为依据，提出了基于业务模型、流程模型和服务元模型，支持可视化建模的面向服务系统工程平台技术方案。
2．研究了面向服务系统工程平台的核心支撑技术。分析了平台核心的服务模型、流程模型和业务模型，提出了面向服务的系统全局信息模型，以服务为线索给出了全局信息模型和业务模型、流程模型的转换规则和算法框架，保证了各视图在开发过程中的设计同步、操作独立和信息一致。
3．研究了面向服务系统工程平台的实现。通过技术分析和选型，确定了基于Eclipse插件机制的平台实现方案，给出了平台核心技术组件具体实现方法。
4．根据面向服务应用系统的特点以及平台的需要，提出了面向服务领域框架的概念，给出了面向服务领域框架构建及其在平台中的应用路线图。结合数字城市门户对本文所提开发方法和框架进行了探讨。
Service-oriented architecture (SOA) is becoming one of leading paradigms forinformation planning,application integration and system engineering,and Webservice has been envisioned as the appropriate technology for SOA implementing.SOA and Web service is perfect technology for system co-operation and reuse,andfor keeping business agile and information system flexible.
System engineering is necessary for widely acceptance of SOA,to reflect and usethe concept of service and the characteristic of SOA and Web services technology.Service-oriented architecture and technology have the two most prominentcharacteristics:one is that service-oriented business and technology is consistent inconcept,another is that the key problem of SOA system development has not been thedevelopment and programming of Web service component,but the engineering designand analysis of the system.
There is a major obstacle for Web services and SOA to be applied in InformationConstruction.The obstacle lies at differences between business demand and systemimplementation,and at difficulties of making people of different backgrounds to worktogether.To address this problem,this dissertation proposes a business-centric,multi-model driven,multi-views synchronized and multi-role collaboratingservice-oriented system development method.The method focuses on system analysisand design,employs three models,i.e,business model,process model and servicemeta model to construct business view,process view and service view to supportvisualized modeling.Through global information model,the method sets upmulti-model transformation rules with service concept as clues and makes viewspossible to design synchronously and operate independently during systemdevelopment process.
Based on the coherent concept of service in business domain and IT domain,themethod supports people with non-technical background to model business and todefine services.Based on this method,a multi-model driven service-oriented systemengineering platform is built.Engineers with different background can involve systemdesigning,work collaboratively through different views and different place,reachbusiness-centric requirement driven development,and avoid system implementation deviating from business demand.
To propose the method and the platform,this dissertation mainly presents thefollowing work:
1.Propose a multi-model driven,multi-views synchronized and multi-rolecollaborating service-oriented system development method.And based on themethod,propose a technical solution for service-oriented system engineeringplatform to support visualized modeling with business view,process viewand service view.
2.Reseach key support technologies for service-oriented system engineeringplatform.Analysis and choose business model,process model and servicemodel,propose service-oriented system global information model andtranslation rule and algorithm framework for global information model,business model and process model following up the service clue.Keep everyview of the platform synchronized designing,impendent operating andconsistent information during the development process.
3.Reseach implementation technologies of the service-oriented systemengineering platform.Based on the Eclipse plug-in mechanism,propose theplatform implementation solution.Give specific implementation methods forcore technology components of the platform.
4.According to the characteristics of service-oriented applications and needs ofplatform,propose the concept and implementation roadmap of theservice-oriented domain framework.Discuss the details of theservice-oriented domain framework and its implementation roadmap.Achieve a service-oriented digital city portal framework.
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