摘要
随着全球经济的快速发展,能源枯竭和环境污染问题己愈来愈严重。世界各国都积极开发和利用各种可再生、无污染、低成本的新能源。风能系统特别是风力发电系统的研制与开发已成为新能源技术领域的研究热点和重点。变桨距控制、变速恒频等先进技术是风力发电技术的研究重点。本文所提出的无刷双风轮直驱风力发电系统采用双风轮直驱,通过对双风轮进行变桨距控制,可以实现该机组的变速恒频。为我国研究和开发具有独立知识产权的新型风力发电机组提供了一种新思路。
本文结合国家863计划项目“绕线型无刷双馈风力发电机及控制装置”,对无刷双风轮直驱发电机组及控制系统进行了较为系统的研究。首先研究了无刷双风轮直驱风力发电机组的结构和工作原理,分析了其在变速恒频状态下的运行特性,并给出了具体的运行方案。基于无刷双风轮直驱风力发电机组的结构和工作原理,建立了两相旋转坐标系下的数学模型及MATLAB/Simulink环境下的仿真模型,并进行了仿真研究。
本文利用工业控制微机PC104作为主控器,数字信号处理器TMS320F2812作为前置机,设计了数字化的独立变桨距控制系统,并对变桨距控制系统的关键控制单元进行了详细的研究。主控器和前置机通过CAN串行通信网络进行数据通讯。主控器的软件系统采用多任务实时控制体系,按控制要求合理划分控制任务的界限和控制级别,并为之分配相应的时间资源,大大提高了软件的综合效率。数据采集采用交流采样和数字解析法实现系统有功、无功和频率信号的求解,大大节省了硬件资源。
在理论研究的基础上完成了一台样机,并构建了原理性的实验系统,进行了系统的实验研究,为无刷双风轮直驱风力发电机组进一步实用化打下了良好的基础。
With the rapid development of the global economy, energy depletion and environmental pollution have become increasingly serious. the world are actively to develop and use new energy of renewal, pollution-free and low-cost.Wind energy systems, especially wind power system's research and development have become the research focus of the field of new energy sources.Advanced technology containing Pitch control, variable speed and constant frequency is the research focus in wind power generation .The dual-wind wheel drives directly that is used in the proposed brushless dual-wind wheel direct-drive wind power generation system, which lets the unit's variable speed and constant frequency achieved through controlling the pitch angle of dual-wind wheel. It provides a new idea of research and development of a new wind turbine with independent intellectual property rights for our country.
Combining with the 863 projects of country, by the name of the winding brushless doubly-fed wind turbine and control device ,a systematic study on the brushless double-rotor direct-drive generator and control system is accomplished.Firstly the structure of brushless dual-wind wheel direct-drive wind turbine and operating principle are studied, and the operation characteristics of the variable speed and constant frequency is analyzed, and detailed operation plan is also given. Based on the structure of the Dual-wind wheel brushless direct-drive generator and working principle,a mathematical model under two-phase rotating coordinate system and the model in MATLAB/Simulink environment are established and simulated.
Useing industrial control computer of PC104 as a master, while the digital signal processor TMS320F2812 is as LCU(local Control Unit) in this paper, and a separate digital pitch-controlled system is built and have a detailed study about the key unit of pitch control system Data communication between Master and LCU is accomplished by the CAN serial communication network . Multi-task real-time control system is used in software systems of the master, the limits and levels of control tasks are rationally divided according to the control requirements, and the task duration are distributed accordingly , so overall efficiency of the software is greatly improved. AC sampling and digital analytical method are used to solve active power, reactive power and frequency signals at the data acquisition of system,and the hardware resources significantly saved.
A prototype model has been done based on the theoretical research, and the experimental system of principles has been built for a systematic experimental study, which has laid a good foundation for further practical wind turbine of double- Wind wheel brushless direct-drive.
引文
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