摘要
为适应目前生态河道的发展理念,在对我国各种常用闸门的结构、类型、特点进行分析、比较的基础上,提出一种新型的滑杆折叠式闸门。该闸门主要由闸门梁系、闸门支铰、支撑杆、滑动轨道、制动装置及止水构成。闸门采用橡胶挡水布挡水,卷扬式手动启闭机启闭。门间以止水和连环扣件联系,可以实现多门一联,同时启闭。各闸门联结处无需修建中墩,与普通钢闸门比较,结构简单,重量轻,工程造价低,运行方便;在枯水期挡水满足人们饮用水的需要,汛期撤走保持河道流畅性,实现了闸门的重复利用,节省了工程造价。
本文首先介绍了滑杆折叠式闸门的概念和设计思路,详细叙述了闸门各部件的尺寸和具体结构形式:在满足现行规范要求的基础上,闸门梁格采用复式梁格的布置形式,用齐平连接的方式连接,制作方便简单。另外,对闸门工作原理和应用优势做了详细说明和分析。
采用模型试验研究的方法,使用静态应变仪,在闸门主要部位布设测点,测试闸门的应变规律。同时利用有限元分析软件ANSYS建立了闸门三维结构分析模型,分析了闸门主要构件(面板、主梁、次梁等)的应力、变形规律,校核了闸门的强度和刚度。通过试验结果和有限元结果的比较可以看出,两种方法所得结果虽然存在一定的差异,但是关键的指标均吻合较好,有限元分析较好地验证了试验结果,也验证了有限元模型的可靠性。另外,利用有限元分析了闸门自振频率随耦合面变化的规律。最后在对闸门静动力分析的基础上,为便于模型的修改和设置优化设计变量,以结构的应力、应变为约束条件,以体积最小为目标函数,运用ANSYS参数化语言APDL语言建立了闸门有限元模型,并对优化后的闸门进行了静动力特性的分析,得出了较满意的结果。
在中小型河道中采用可操作性强的滑杆折叠式闸门来进行季节性挡水,无论是从用水的角度,还是从节省工程投资的角度来看,都是可以优先考虑和采纳的。
By analyzing all kinds of gate structures, types and characteristics in our country, a new thinking for designing slider folding gate is put forward to accommodate the concept of environmental riverway.The slider folding gate system is composed of girder system, trunnion, support bar, sliding rail, braking device and water stop. Rubber flush cloth is used to retain the water. Manual winch-type hoist is used to start and stop the gate. Gate leaf is connected by water stop and serial buckles, which can realize several leafs connected together and opening and closing at the same time.Each gate coupling place is not need of creation pier.The new type gate has more briefness structure:lighter Weight, less cost of project and easier working than the old ones. In dry period, the gate stop water to content people’s need of drinking water, and in flood seasons, the gate is dismantled to keep water flow away easily, which realize the reuse of the gate.
At first, the gate’s conception and design solutions are introduced in the paper.The gate’s size of each part and specific structure forms are detailedly described. on the basis of the current specification, adopt double entry grillage to layout gate grillage and connect with rewind connection,which is easy to product. Besides, the paper detailedly explains and analyzes the gate’s working principle and application advantages.
Adopting model test study method,layont points in main position of the gate to test the gate strain regulations by using static resistance strain indicator. At the same time , three - dimensional structure modeling of the gate is builded by using ANSYS to analyse stress deformation rules of the gate main members and check of strength and rigidity of the gate. It’s can be seen from test results and finite element results that the key indicators are in good coincidence although there are certain differences between the two results. The finite element analysis confirm the test results and the reliability of the finite element model. Variation rules of natural frequency with coupling surface also be analysed. Based on static and dynamic analysis of the gate, with structure stress and strain as constraint conditions and minimum volume as objective function, finite element model of the gate is builded using APDL. Satisfactory results are obtained by analysing static and dynamic characteristics of the optimized gate.
Whether from the angle of using water or from saving engineering investment , it’s can be priorities and adopted to use workable slider folding gate in medium-size river to stop water seasonally.
引文
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