摘要
本文主要通过对多桨推进的桨间干扰的研究,提出了多桨推进的螺旋桨设计方法。首先,提出了常规分布的多桨推进的桨间干扰因子的概念,并通过自航试验的测量方法确定了多桨的干扰因子,同时也将多桨干扰因子应用于三桨快艇、四桨快艇以及航空母舰的螺旋桨的设计和分析中；另外,也通过提出导流管干扰因子的概念将导管螺旋桨的敞水图谱与串列螺旋桨的设计理论相结合,给出一种导管串列螺旋桨的图谱设计方法,并将其应用于两栖车的推进设计中。
本文的结构安排如下：
首先,简要介绍了海上高速舰船的发展现状以及其对应的推进装置,确定了多桨推进设计方法研究的必要性；同时也对国内外多桨推进的研究进行了概述；最后确定了本文对多桨推进舰船的研究重点。
其次,提出了多桨干扰因子的概念,并基于自航试验的确定方法,以一艘四桨推进的船模为例,对不同螺旋桨分布的桨间干扰进行了定量分析：同时也根据不同螺旋桨分布的桨间干扰影响,对螺旋桨的分布进行了优化分析,并且确定了不同响应变量对应的显著的影响因素。
在本论文第三章中,将多桨干扰因子引入到多桨船的螺旋桨的设计与分析中。对三桨推进交通艇的螺旋桨分别进行了考虑干扰因子和不考虑干扰因子的设计,并对两种不同情况的设计进行了比较分析：同时也在四桨推进舰船的机桨匹配分析中引入了多桨干扰因子,分别对随边切削和直径切削进行了比较分析。
在本论文第四章中,将多桨干扰因子引入到四桨推进的航空母舰的螺旋桨的设计中,并分别针对外桨在前、内桨在后和外桨在后、内桨在前两种不同的纵向分布进行了螺旋桨的设计和比较分析；同时也通过国外航空母舰的相关资料,对航空母舰的阻力性能进行了回归分析,得到了航空母舰的主尺度和主机功率的预报公式,并通过有效的阻力回归公式对所设计的航空母舰的阻力性能进行了估算。
在本论文第五章中,提出导流管干扰因子的概念,并通过导流管的干扰因子将导管螺旋桨的敞水图谱与串列螺旋桨的设计理论结合在一起,给出了一种导管串列螺旋桨的图谱设计方法,并将该方法应用于两栖车的螺旋桨的设计中,同时也将设计出的导管串列螺旋桨与其对应的导管螺旋桨进行了比较。
The design method of multi-propeller propulsion is proposed in this thesis by the study of interaction factor. Interaction factor of multi propellers of conventional distribution is determined by the method of self-propelled test. The interaction factor of multi propellers is applied to triple-propeller craft, four-propeller boat and aircraft carriers. Besides, interaction factor of duct is also proposed to design ducted tandem propeller.
The framework of this paper is as follow:
Firstly, the author introduces the development of high-speed marine vehicles, presents the propulsion characteristics of multi-propeller vessels, and gives the focus of this paper.
Secondly, interaction factor is proposed to design the propeller of multi-propeller vessels. An experimental method is suggested to determine the interaction factor of multi-propeller propulsion, and quantitative analysis of influence factor is also performed according to a series of model testing of a four-propeller craft. The optimum distribution of four propellers is discussed based on different response variables and the significant factor is also confirmed by unbalanced analysis of variance.
Thirdly, the interaction factor is applied to propeller design and analysis of multi-propeller vessels. The difference in propeller design between considering and not considering interaction factor is compared based on a triple-propeller crew boat. Propeller cutting of considering interaction factor for a four-propeller craft is also discussed to improve the engine performance.
Fourthly, the interaction factor is applied to propeller design of aircraft carriers. Two different longitudinal distributions are discussed for the propeller design of Kuznetsov class aircraft carriers. Meantime, empirical formulas relating the speed and power to principal dimensions of aircraft carriers have also been obtained through regression analysis of available data of106aircraft carriers. The goodness of fit of these formulas is finally analyzed through statistical tests.
Chapter5gives a method to design ducted tandem propeller according to the open-water charts of ducted propeller and design theory of tandem propeller. The design procedure of ducted tandem propeller is introduced by an amphibious vehicle, and the propulsive performance of ducted tandem propeller is compared with ducted propeller for the same amphibious vehicle.
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