摘要
随着信息与网络技术的发展,嵌入式系统得到广泛的应用。在工业控制领域中,单个设备独立性强、设备间依赖性弱的特点将被取代,而设备资源的有效利用、设备间协同工作及远程传输、监控越来越多地被关注。
CAN总线集多种优越性于一身,其应用不再局限于汽车工业,而且发展到过程控制、纺织机械、农用机械、机器人、医疗器械和传感器等领域,越来越多的工业设备采用CAN总线联网,组成分布式控制系统。以TCP/IP协议为基础的以太网具有远距离传输、通讯和方便快捷的特点,不仅广泛地应用在商业领域中,还进入了工业设备领域。工业设备接入以太网在很大程度上提高了控制系统的分布性。因此,本文提出CAN总线与以太网互联的课题。
本文在深入研究以太网和CAN总线的网关理论的基础上,以ARM9为硬件平台,以Linux为软件平台,经过硬件连接和软件设计,对CAN总线协议和TCP/IP协议进行转换,实现以太网与CAN总线的互联,允许上层以太网用户对现场任一节点进行访问和控制,实现对生产现场的远程监控。
本文的内容主要包括两点:硬件设计和软件设计。
硬件设计:CUP选择三星公司ARM9芯片S3C2410,其它电路包括电源电路、复位电路、串口电路、CAN模块电路和以太网模块电路等。
软件设计:采用嵌入式Linux为软件平台,将Linux安装、下载、移植到目标板上。在Linux环境下,编写CAN的驱动程序、应用程序以及CAN总线和以太网相互转换的应用程序,实现以太网与CAN总线的通讯。
本文设计的嵌入式以太网和CAN总线网关在测试中具有较好的稳定性,以太网能够对现场CAN总线进行实时检测、查询和控制,实现了上层以太网对现场CAN总线的监控。
With the development of information and network technology, the embedded system is used widely in all kinds of fields. In the field of industrial control, the phenomena will be replaced, which is the stronger independence of the individual equipment and the weaker dependence between the equipments. More and more attention is paid on the effective of equipment, coordinated work among equipments, long-distance transmission and remote supervisory.
As an outstanding field bus, CAN bus has more advantages. It can not only be used in motorcar industry, but also process control, textile machinery, farm machinery, automaton, medical apparatus and instruments, transducer, and so on. More and more industry equipments adopt CAN bus to make up the distributed control system. Ethernet has been widely used in business field. It can be facilityly transmit and communication. Ethernet based on TCP/IP begins to enter the industry equipment field besides its popularization on PC. The equipment accessing to Ethernet will greatly improve the distributed characteristic of the control system. The interconnection between CAN bus and Ethernet is discussed.
The article has studied the protocol transition gateway between CAN bus and Ethernet based on Linux operating system. Taking Linux as the software platform and ARM as the hardware platform, and by the design of the software and hardware, it realized the protocol transition between CAN protocol and Ethernet protocol. And it realized interconnection between the CAN bus and Ethernet, permitted every authorization upper user on Ethernet visiting and controlling production layer and monitoring equipments in production layer.
The article has two points: the design of hardware and the design of software.
Hardware design section: selecting the S3C2410X as the core, and finishing the design of the power circuit、the restoration circuit、the serial interface circuit、the CAN module circuit and the Ethernet module circuit and so on.
Software design section: taking Linux as the software platform, finishing the Linux install、the download, transplant on the ARM core board. Under the Linux operating system, it compiles the CAN application and controller driver, the protocol transition application. Realized the communication between the CAN bus and the Ehernet.
Its stability is satisfied, which is the design of the embedded CAN and Ethernet gateway. And it has realized monitoring the CAN bus via Ethernet, and realized networks interconnection between the CAN bus and the Ethernet.
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