摘要
钢管支架模板支撑系统以其施工简便、整体性好等特点在现浇桥梁施工过程中得到广泛的应用。但是,在应用中由于对支架系统的受力状况控制不当,容易发生支架倒塌事故,造成人员伤亡,带来重大的经济损失。本文通过支架系统模型试验和理论分析,建立了桥梁支架模板支撑系统的力学模型,并在此基础上开发了支架系统内力分析和稳定性计算程序,实现了从原有的依靠施工技术人员的经验到利用计算机来科学的设计计算和搭设支架。主要研究成果如下:
对碗扣式支架系统在桥梁施工过程中的应用做了研究,总结了支架支撑倒塌的原因。对桥梁施工中常用的各种支架的优缺点进行了分析比较,提出了实际工程中选择应用新型脚手架支撑系统应遵循的基本原则和支架系统搭设方案。
根据计算模型和现场实际情况,制作了间接试验模型,模拟现场的情况进行了室内试验,总结了支架模型破坏过程和破坏特点,分析了试验数据,验证了计算模型,提出了支架支撑系统的力学机理和破坏模型。
分析了作用在支架系统上的各种荷载,确定了荷载计算方法。根据钢管支架模板支撑系统的结构及连接形式,确定了支架稳定及承载力准则,建立了力学模型,提出了结构内力和稳定性计算方法。
采用有限元矩阵位移法对桥梁支架支撑系统内力、应力进行了数值分析,利用可视化工具VC++开发了桥梁支架内力和支架稳定性计算程序。
利用自行开发的支架内力和稳定性计算程序对试验结构计算模型进行了计算,分析了计算结果和试验结果的一致性,验证了支架计算模型和计算程序的可靠性。
通过对一个典型工程实例进行的实证性验算,证明本文很好的解决了碗扣式钢管脚手架内力分析及稳定性计算问题,提高了支架支撑的稳定性,保证了桥梁支架施工安全。
The steel tube modular falsework system is widely used in the bridge construction with its simplicity and good performance as a whole. While the improper control of the strength status of falsework system in the application will induce the accidents of falsework collapse and the personnel casualty, which brings the magnitude economic loss. On the basis of the model experiments and the theoretical analysis of the falsework system, the dissertation builds up a mechanic model of the bridge falsework system, and develops a program on the internal force analysis and stability calculation of falsework system, which realizes the change from the engineer's experience to the accurate design by computer. The chief achievements are as follows:
The dissertation studys the application of bowl scaffold bracing system in the bridge construction, and summarizes the reasons of falsework collapse. By comparison of virtues and shortcomings between the various scaffolds which are usually used in the bridge construction, the dissertation also gives the basic principle to choose the new type scaffolds bracing systems in the living projects and the building scheme of scaffold system.
According to the calculated model and the locale situation, the paper sets up the indirect experimental model, carrying on the indoor experiments under the simulating local situation, summarizing the damage process and characters of falsework model, analyzing the experimental data, proving the accuracy of calculated model, bringing forward the mechanical mechanism and damage model of scaffold bracing system. The dissertation gives the calculated methods of loads after analyzing the various loads acting on the scaffolds systems. According to the structure and the joint forms of steel tube modular falsework system, this paper also gives the stability and load capacity rule of scaffolds, setting up the mechanic model and puts forward the calculate methods of structural internal forces and stability.
On the basis of the finite matrix shifting methods, this dissertation analyzes the internal forces and the stresses of bridge scaffolds numerically and develops the calculated program on the internal forces and stability of bridge scaffold by making use of the visual C++.
Making use of the calculating program on the internal forces and stability of bridge scaffold developed personally, this paper carried on the calculation to the structure model and draws a conclusion that the calculating results are consistent with the experimental results, which validates the credibility of calculated model of scaffolds and the program. By the checking computations on a typical project, the paper is proved to solve the internal force analysis and stability calculation of steel tube modular falsework system perfectly, which heightens the stability of scaffold bracings and gives the assurance of safety during the construction of bridge falsework.
引文
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