水电站半地下厂房设计方案动力特性及抗震研究
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摘要
随着地球资源的日渐消耗,可重复开发利用的水力资源得到了前所未有的重视。世界各国都在大力发展水利水电事业,大规模的水电站会越来越多,厂房作为将水能转换为电能的场所,其重要性不言而喻。与此同时,厂房中存放着各种电气及水力设备并且一般都布置在远离城市的山区,设备运行产生的振动和地震作用威胁着厂房的安全与稳定;因此,动力学问题对于水电站厂房来说是非常重要的。
     本文结合赤道几内亚吉布洛水电站半地下厂房,针对其分缝和后浇带两种设计方案下的厂房结构,采用模态分析方法对其动力特性进行对比,采用振型分解反应谱法对其抗震性能进行对比,并分析了围岩边界条件和水体附加质量对两种厂房模型的动力特性和抗震性能的影响,最后分别采用静力法和谐响应法对机墩组合结构进行了水平刚度复核。得出的结论为:后浇带设计方案能减小厂房的地震响应幅值,增强厂房的抗震性能,并且能够满足机墩位移的要求;针对吉布洛电站厂房,采用后浇带设计方案是更优的选择。并且考虑地基参振(参震)和水体附加质量对于厂房抗震来说是不利的,能更真实的反映厂房的地震响应,从而能更准确的为厂房的抗震设计提供参考和理论依据。
With the consumption of the earth resources, It is paid attention to develop the water resource. Many countries are all developing hydropower institution. The scale of the hydropower station is increasing. Powerhouse can convert the water power into electrical energy. It is very important. There are many electrical and hydraulic equipments. The vibration of equipments and earthquake can give hidden trouble to powerhouse. So, the problem of dynamics for hydropower plant is very important.
     The paper is about semi-underground hydropower plant of Djiploho in Equatorial Guinea. The two design program for the plant are parting program and Later pour band program. It researched dynamic property and seismic response by model analysis method and seism spectrum method. Then It analysed the effect of boundary conditions of surrounding rock and water addition quality for the dynamic property and seismic response of the plant. In the end, it checked the stiffness of unit brace structure via static and harmonic response method. The conclusion: The later pour band program can reduce the displacement of seismic response for plant, increase the capability of anti-seismic for plant. The stiffness of unit brace structure can meet requirement. The later pour band program is better than parting program for the plant. It is adverse to consider the vibration of surrounding rock and water addition quality for the seismic response of plant. It can react the the seismic response of plant more better, and give more exact reference and theoretical basis for the anti-seismic design of hydropower station plant.
引文
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