摘要
水泥工业作为我国重要的基础原材料工业,具有传统的高耗能、高污染的特点,其必须尽快落实循环经济的科学发展观已成为各界人士的共识。为走出一条具有中国特色的新型水泥工业化道路,本论文针对我国水泥行业现状,采用理论分析和实例验证相结合的方法,研究了水泥行业贯彻循环经济理念具体途径的必要性、可行性和效益性。
研究的主要内容包括国内外水泥行业贯彻循环经济理念的现状及存在的主要问题,继而总结分析了在我国水泥行业贯彻循环经济理念的主要途径,最后以吉林省为具体实例,详细验证了其途径的必要性、可行性,且从环境、经济、社会三个方面进行了充分的效益分析。
研究结果表明,在我国水泥行业贯彻循环经济是必要的和紧迫的,更重要的是通过吉林省的实例分析,验证了这些途径的可行性和效益性。这有助于引起政府决策层面和企业经营层面的重视,使之在发展经济、制定政策的同时能切实的将环境因素考虑进来,促进社会和谐发展。
The economy growth of China is depending on the high consumption of resources now by many reasons. Cement industry is the basic raw material industry and also the traditional high energy consumers.It makes a great contribution to economic development. The cement industry is our biggest manufacturing industry, also the production centralized, the labor productivity is lower, the backwardness production method universal existence, and the environment load is serious. The daily rise high cost restriction has already become the most major problem which the cement industry sustainable development faced under the big background of the resource competition in the future. At present, developing circular economy has already got the recognition.
The circular economy of cement industry is not only based on the whole circular economy theory but also an important component of it. Therefore,as long as we thoroughly study the theory of circular economy, the circular economy of the cement industry is self-evident., only involves more concrete and more specialized.
Based on the analysis of the circular economy theory, it point out that the State Environmental Protection Administration of China has made an advice to promote the development of circular economy which formulates we should make and consummate the policy of the industry that got serious pollution. It should take the "reduce, reuse, recycle" as a basic approach to control pollution. Reduce, reuse, recycle (3R) is the practical implementation principles of the circular economy. In accordance with these principles, a clear idea of a circular economy in the cement industry can be reflected in a specific way. The reduce principle refers to use less resources and less energy consumption to meet their production goals, save resources and reduce pollution fromthe production source. It can be embodied in the development of new dry-process technology , accelerate the readjustment of the industrial structure, the building of low temperature waste heat power plant, conservation of energy resources, raising the efficiency of resource use and the protection of the ecological environment. The reuse principle refers to extend product life and reuse the products and packaging, improving resource efficiency. It can be embodied in improving the quality of cement production of high grade, bulk cement to saving packaging. The recycle principle refers to use their own or other industries wastes for products.
Recycling of the cement industry can be done in three major ways, the first is the use of industrial waste material as a mixture, such as blast furnace slag, fly ash and other minerals, cement grinding into the corresponding species. Second is the use of waste materials as cement materials. Third is the use of each kind which contains the inflammable archery target waste, Including industrial and animal waste and blood, as required for the cement clinker burning fuel known as alternative fuels or secondary fuel. Some may simultaneously serve as the substitution fuel and the substitution raw material. In addition, the paper had supplemented several questions, such as the establishment of a technical support system , encourage technological innovation, improve the environmental legal system, improve staff awareness of environmental protection, strengthening international exchanges and make the economic cycle experiments.
According to the paper, we make an example of Jilin, make the concrete ways to implement in Jilin Province, and this is the paper key part. Analysis of the cement industry in Jilin Province, we know that the market is relatively independent. The cement output few, but the speed-up is quick, stronger control of large enterprises. The backward productive forces still occupied the certain share. The product variety few, thescale is low. Large-scale and advanced equipment are few. Cement production energy consumption high .Analysis of its advantages, including the support of national policy, rich in limestone resources, deep technology base and human resources, the enterprise own manner is initiative and so on. Based on these, the cement industry in Jilin Province to work out concrete plans to develop a circular economy. Including industry solid waste in cement profession resources, develops the new dry-process kiln, changes the set up kiln to the rub station for the powder, construct the afterheat power plant, using cement kiln handling dangerous waste, develop the bulk cement, save the packages. The paper has specifically analyzed these main ways feasibility and the benefit. First, the way uses industry waste to replace the natural resources to make cement is necessary and feasible. It completely conforms to the requirement of developing circular economy which our country presently initiates, conforms to the cement industry development direction. It obtains the Jilin Province got rich in coal ash and gangue, It to be possible to reduce production cost approximately 12 Yuan /t by using it instead of the clay. It can also get the considerable environment benefits. The Jilin Province storing many nickel dregs and waste iron ore , it to harm in a big way, the benefit should be remarkable by using it instead of the iron ore. Second, the way of develop new dry-process kiln and changes set up kiln to the powder station is necessary and feasible. Pointed out if 50%vertical kiln replaced by new dry-process kiln in Jilin, it can reduce 144,000 t of coal and pellet 52,000 t. one year. Third, Construction low temperature afterheat power plant, we also analyzes by an 5000t/d production line by YaTai, it may generates electricity 4140×104kwh, the cement plant reduces buy 3963×104kwh. For the electricity price 0.5 Yuan /kwh in Changchun,deducts afterheat power plant electricity generation cost approximately 0.25 Yuan /kwh, then they can save 10 million Yuan in one year,but also saved the coal. Fourth,it has not seen on the report of using cement kiln handlingdangerous waste in. Jilin Province got few comprehensive dangerous waste centralism handling field which conforms to the standard, the specialization handles facility and the enterprise attached handling facility are also less. The wastes can apply some heat energy to cement production when dealing it and it may be few invest but more effective than construct special burn machines. Moreover, effectively processes the dangerous waste also is a break on environment manages, has the positive effect on Jilin Province environmental protection. Fifth, the Jilin Province cement bulk rate nation reciprocal second.2005 yearly produces the fresh cement 1,600 tons according to Jilin Province,bulk rate 15.40 % calculated,if bulk rate enhancement to medium level 40%,then it can increase the bulk cement 394 tons in one year, the comprehensive benefit amounts to 100 million Yuan.
Finally based on the paper research conclusion, in order to carry out the circulation economical idea better, the paper suggested Jilin Province cement enterprise should cease the mining clay, changes to the pulverized coal ash and the gangue substitution. The cement enterprise should cease the using of native iron ore, may use the nickel dregs and the waste iron ore to substitute. The department concerned should enlarge the elimination backwardness productive forces dynamics, vigorously develops new dry-process technology, construct the pure low temperature afterheat power plant and so on. This will be helpful to bring the governments and the enterprise manages attention.
引文
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