摘要
由于经济发展对高速公路运输能力的要求日益提高,目前国内许多四车道高速公路需要改扩建为六车道甚至八车道,沿线的隧道改扩建成为工程的关键。通过对泉厦高速公路大帽山隧道扩建工程的实际研究,分析了具有典型意义的四车道扩建为八车道的高速公路隧道设计和施工方案,研究动态施工过程对既有隧道和周边围岩的近接施工影响等。
大帽山隧道新建加扩挖方案在所有的扩建方案中具有运营期间行车通畅,施工期间不阻断交通,工期较短,技术条件适中等优点。通过对大帽山隧道实际工程情况的研究,选择了合理的围岩条件参数及预支护和初期支护参数,建立三维有限差分模型进行新建加扩挖方案的动态施工分析。得出动态施工地表、周边围岩以及既有结构的位移和应力方面的影响。分析了不同的开挖进尺对既有结构位移和应力的影响。
从理论上分析了传统屈服接近度概念的特征及其不足,并在此基础上提出了另外一种适合于从时间角度分析围岩点的屈服危险程度的屈服接近度定义,推导出相关计算公式。利用两种不同的屈服接近度概念,对大帽山隧道动态开挖模型进行了对比分析,从围岩应力点的危险程度变化的角度,分析了隧道开挖对周边围岩和既有隧道的近接施工影响,并分析了不同开挖进尺时的屈服接近度变化情况。通过分析,得出了运用屈服接近度变化幅度来分析近接施工影响这种方法在理论上是可行的。
As the rapid development of economy puts forward higher requirements to the highway transportation capacity, nowdays many four-lane highway need renovation and expansion of the six-lane or even eight-lane, and the renovation of tunnel along which have become the key projiect. Though a practical research for Quanzhou-Xiamen Expressway Dai Mo Shan Tunnel expansion project, an analysis about the design and construction programs for four-lane expansion of the eight-lane which with typical significance was done, so as the effect of approaching excavation to the existing tunnel and the surrounding rock.
Among all these plans for Dai Mo Shan Tunnel, to build a new tunnel and expand a existing one drives smoothly and flowly, spends a short duration and needs a moderate technical conditions. Through a research for practical situation, rationa rock conditions and forepolling parameters have been chosen. A three-dimensional finite difference model was built for construction analysis. It came to the influence in terms of the surface displacement, urrounding displacement and stress to the existing tunnel and the surrounding rock. Different excavation of footage influents displacement and stress of existing tunnel differently.
Having analyzed the features and shortcomings of traditional yield approach index, a new definition of YAI(yield approach index) which focus on the shortest stress path has been presented basing on a studing about the absolute length of rock stress path under the Mohr-coulomb yield criterion, while yield approach functions for several yield criterions have been built up under at the same time. Compared with traditional definition, this definition conveyed the influence of ball stress tensor to the YAI. To make a comparative analysis on excavation models using this two different definitions,the effect of approaching excavation can be studied from the point of risk changes of each stress point. Different excavation of footage influents the yield approach index as well as the stress. It comes to the conclusion after analysis that this method is theoretically feasible,which to analyse the effect of approaching excavation by the YAI.
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