摘要
轴向柱塞泵是现代液压领域中应用最广泛的液压动力元件之一,也是结构最复杂、技术含量最高的液压元件之一。由于其具有高压、高速、高功率和容易实现功率调节和无级调速的特点,广泛的被应用在工业机械和工程机械领域。由于传统的控制装置不能直接和计算机控制系统集成,限制了变量液压泵在许多领域的应用。随着现代工业自动化程度的影响,液压技术与计算机技术、电子技术的结合已成为必然的趋势,数字化控制将是今后液压技术发展的一个方向。
本文针对斜盘式轴向柱塞泵系统的结构、工作原理和运动特性,提出一种由模糊控制器、压力和位移传感器、高速开关阀组成的数字控制变量系统。在AMESim中,建立了柱塞泵及高速开关阀的物理模型。通过对高速开关阀工作原理和开启特性的分析,确立了高速开关阀控液压缸位置控制系统的数学模型。
本文运用模糊控制理论对高速开关阀控液压缸位置进行控制。设计了一种模糊控制器,实现了PWM高速开关阀控液压缸位置系统的精确控制。模糊控制器控制PWM信号,通过改变高速开关阀的PWM控制信号占空比,可以改变液压缸左右两腔的压力差,使活塞的移动速度和位置也随之发生改变,从而实现对斜盘倾角的控制,进而实现控制柱塞泵工作口输出的流量和压力。并借助AMESim和MATLAB/SIMULINK建立了系统的仿真模型,并对系统进行了联合仿真研究。仿真结果,充分说明了系统的可行性。
The axial piston pump,which is one of in the field of application of the hydraulic power components in modern hydraulic,which is one of the most complicated and high technology hydraulic components. Because of its high-pressure, high-speed, high-power , power change easy to achieve stepless speed regulation being widely used in industrial machinery and construction machinery fields. As the traditional control devices can not directly control by computer system, limiting the variable hydraulic pump in many areas of application.With modern industrial automation level development, the combination of hydraulic technology, computer technology and electronic technology has become an inevitable trend,the digital control will be a direction of hydraulic technology development.
In this thesis, a digital control variable system, which composed of a fuzzy controller, pressure and displacement sensors and a high-speed on-off valve,which was based on the structure,operational principle and dynamic behavior of axial piston pump. In AMESim,the physical model of the high-speed on-off valve and piston pump were set up. A math-model of high-speed on-off valve control hydraulic cylinders position also was set up by analyse the high-speed on-off valve.
In this thesis, a hydraulic cylinder position control system ,which was based on the high-speed on-off valve by use of fuzzy control. Design of a fuzzy controller, to achieve a precise control of the hydraulic cylinder position by the high-speed on-off valve was based on PWM. Fuzzy controller control the high-speed on-off valve which contained by changing the PWM control signal duty cycle, can change the hydraulic cylinder about two cavity pressure difference.The speed and position of piston also will be changed in order to change swash plate angle, leading to the changes of the pressure and flow rate of piston pump outlet orifice.And the help of AMESim and MATLAB / SIMULINK established a simulation model of the system , and conducted a united simulation research on systems. The feasibility of the system is proved through the simulation results.
引文
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