摘要
近年来环境意识迅速提高,全球各国陆续签署了《京都议定书》采取大量措施如制定大气污染降低目标,鼓励人们努力减少污染。环境意识的增强和排放要求的更加严格使得温拌沥青技术(WMA)发展起来,所谓WMA就是通过一定的技术措施,降低沥青的粘度,从而使沥青能在相对较低的温度下进行拌和及施工,同时保持其不低于HMA的使用性能的沥青混合料技术。
本文针对目前已有的温拌技术做了深入的调研和分析,选用有机降粘剂S制备WMA沥青结合料,对WMA沥青结合料的降粘机理以及有机降粘剂对沥青技术性能的影响进行了系统的研究。
研究表明：通过红外光谱和核磁共振分析可知,降粘剂S与基质沥青之间没有发生化学反应；由组分分析可知,改性后沥青中四组分的含量发生了变化；由灰色关联分析表明,饱和分与降粘效果关联最为密切；由粘度分析可知,WMA沥青结合料在100℃～110℃之间存在一个温度转变点；适当掺量的有机降粘剂S,可有效降低沥青的高温粘度,掺量为3%的WMA沥青结合料的拌和与压实温度,与基质沥青相比降低了5℃～7℃；由技术性能分析表明,适当掺量的有机降粘剂S,可以改善沥青的感温性能、高温性能及储存稳定性等,对低温性能影响不大；同时通过综合分析确定降粘剂合理的掺量为3%。
同时,本文在研究过程中,得出有机降粘型温拌技术的降粘机理,为开发新的温拌改性剂提供理论指导；分析不同掺量添加剂对WMA沥青结合料性能的影响,评价各技术参数随掺量变化的规律,并提供有机降粘剂合理的掺量范围,为温拌沥青技术的推广应用具有很好的参考价值；分析WMA沥青结合料的粘温规律,并通过粘温曲线确定拌和与压实温度,以便于有机降粘型温拌沥青混合料在道路工程中的实际应用,同时为温拌沥青相关技术规范的制定提供参考。
Environmental awareness has been increasing rapidly over the past years, and countries all of the world sign the Kyoto Protocol successively. Extensive measures like air pollution reduction targets have encouraged efforts to reduce pollution. Warm mix asphalt (WMA) has developed due to increased environment awareness and stricter emissions regulations. WMA is one asphalt mixture technique, which allows asphalt to be mixed and compacted in a comparatively low temperature by reducing viscosity of asphalt with certain techniques and maintains the use performance not below that of hot mix asphalt (HMA).
Based on thorough investigation and analysis of current warm mix asphalt technique, organic viscosity-reducer S was selected to produce warm asphalt binder, and the viscosity-reducing mechanism of warm asphalt binder and the influence of organic viscosity-reducer on asphalt technical performance were studied systematically in my dissertation.
The results indicated that organic viscosity-reducer S and base asphalt didn't occur chemical reaction analyzed by infrared adsorption spectrum analysis and nuclear magnetic resonance analysis; The analytical results of four components showed that the content of four components changed in modified asphalt; The viscosity reduction effect is most closely related to saturates through grey correlation analysis; There existed a temperature transformation point between 100℃～110℃for WMA asphalt binder through viscosity analysis; Appropriate dosage of organic viscosity-reducer S reduced high temperature viscosity of asphalt effectively; The mixing and compaction temperatures were reduced by 5℃～7℃compared with base asphalt with the dosage of organic viscosity-reducer of 3%; Appropriate dosage of organic viscosity-reducer S improved the temperature susceptibility, high temperature performance and the storage stability and so on through the technical performance analysis and affected the low temperature performance tinily; Furthermore, the reasonable dosage of organic viscosity-reducer was 3% through comprehensive analysis.
Meanwhile, this dissertation obtained the viscosity-reducing mechanism of organic viscosity-reducer of warm mix technique, which can provide theory instruction for the development of new warm mix modifier; The change laws of the technical parameters were evaluated, the reasonable dosage range of organic viscosity-reducer was provided by analyzing the influence of different dosage of additive on performance of warm asphalt binder, which has good reference value for the popularization and application of WMA; The mixing and compaction temperatures were obtained by analyzing the viscosity-temperature law of warm asphalt binder, which can be used in pavement construction conveniently and provide reference for the relevant technical specification of WMA.
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