摘要
粉煤灰综合利用中等容纳量、中等技术含量的方式是作为生产建材的原料，对粉煤灰主要的技术要求是降低炭含量。与浮选法、流态化燃烧法相比，电选脱炭方法适用范围广，分选获得的焦炭、尾灰纯度较高，开发研究高效率静电分选机是解决粉煤灰利用的中心环节。
用摩擦电位差判断，10种块状材料的摩擦起电序列为：Pb、Zn、Al、Fe、C(焦炭或石墨)、Mn、Cu、SiC、Ag(粉煤灰)，其中Mn、Cu、SiC、Ag，可以使粉煤灰中炭组分与灰组分摩擦产生相反电荷。
以铁为摩擦材料，采用气力输送摩擦起电方式，焦炭粉的荷质比随着固气比的增大、摩擦管道长度的增加、空气相对湿度的增加而减小；随气体压力的升高和粉体细度的提高而增大。
以铁、铜、银、自结合碳化硅、硅结合碳化硅为摩擦材料，气力输送管道摩擦后，焦炭粉和灰粉都带同种负电荷。以M为摩擦材料，粉煤灰(灰粉)带正电荷，最大荷质比为14.38μC／g；焦炭粉带负电荷，最大荷质比为-0.5μC／g，两者荷质比的绝对值相差20多倍。
带电粉体与其它材料碰撞后，很快丧失电荷，焦炭颗粒剩余电荷比粉煤灰颗粒小。
The method of middle carrying capacity capacity and technology is as producing the raw material of building materials in the fly ash comprehensive utilization, and is reducing coke content to the central specification of fly ash. Comparison with flotation, fluidization combustion, electrical separation removing coke techniques has a wide application. The selected coke and tailing fly ash hold more purity, and developing the high efficiency electrostatic separator is the center link to solve the fly ash utilization.
The judgment with the rub potential difference, the rub electrification alignment of 10 kinds of bulk materials for: Pb, Zn, Al, Fe and C ( coke or graphite ), Mn, Cu, SiC and Ag ( fly ash ), among them Mn, Cu, SiC and Ag, can make coke component part and the pure ash component part rub in the fly ash give rise to the contrary electric charge.
With iron serve as frictional material, adopted pneumatically electrification, specifical charge in coke reduces as solid-gas mass-ratio, pipeline length and air relative Humidity raising, and increases as gas pressure gone up, enlarges of powder fineness.
With iron, copper, silver and self-combining silicon carbide and silicon junction silicon carbide serve as frictional material, coke powder and pure fly ash are all taken the negative charge after pneumatically electrification. The pure fly ash rubbed with M material takes positive charge, its largest specifical charge is 14.38μC/g; whereas the coke powder rubbed with petroleum coke material takes negative charge, its largest specifical charge is -0.5μC/g. Both absolute value differ more than 20 times.
The electrified powder body loses the electric charge with other materials collision very fast, residual electrical charge in coke is smaller than that in fly ash.
引文
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