摘要
这些年,农村经济落后的主要原因之一就是农村教育落后。教育能够带动经济的发展,教师是教育的重要组成部分,所以提高教师素质就是重中之重。本研究以吉林省农村教师为研究对象,以农村教师队伍建设方法论为指导,通过调查探究吉林省义务教育阶段农村教师存在的问题,分析产生问题的原因,并试图提出解决的办法,促进农村教师的全面发展,为吉林省农村教育做出贡献。
本文主要采用文献法、访谈法和问卷法等几种方法,收集了比较丰富详实的一手资料。通过调查,尝试找出农村教师队伍建设中存在的问题,如教师学历偏低、年龄结构、职称结构、学科结构不合理、生师比偏低等教师自然结构方面的不合理;以及教师自身素质不高、思想品德弱化素质方面的不合理和待遇偏低,分布流动不合理等现象。然后对存在的问题进行了原因分析,认为问题的主要原因是:城乡二元结构造成的历史原因、教师管理制度不合理、教师自身素质不高、政府对教育投入不足、教师培训机制落后。最后提出了吉林省农村义务教育阶段教师队伍建设的对策:要加强师德建设、合理实施聘用制和教师资格制度、加大对农村教育的投入、提高教师的社会地位和福利待遇。
These days, one of the main causes of the economic backwardness in rural areas is the deficiency of elementary education there. The hope of developing economy lies in education, and teacher is the fundamental element in boosting education. It has been an important problem about how to enhance the quality of teacher, mobilize their enthusiasm, enhance the quality of masses and develop rural economy. On the basis of the setting that the dilemma confronted by the rural education, the research is aimed at solving the major problems the rural primaryteachers are confronted. The research has explored its reasons from the present tries to solve this problem to boost the overall development of rural compulsory teachers and heighten the quality of teaching. Having thoroughly considered the typical and representative factors, the author chooses Jilin Province as our case. The author has gathered abundant data by using literature method, interview method, observation and questionnaire method. By analyzing the current situation of the compulsory education teachers in the Jilin Province, the author tries to find the problems exiting in rural compulsory education teachers. For example, exiting of the substitute teachers, the irrational structure of the age and the professional titles, the gap of the record of education and teaching level, the lack of the music, physical and art teachers, the loss of young key teachers, lower level of the teachers' salary and the unfavorable working style of many teachers: half teaching and half farming, etc. Then, the author analyses the causes of problems: dualistic-social-structure, lower level ofthe teachers' quality, the lag of the administrative regulations and be in arrears with the teachers' salary. At last, the author make some suggestions that strengthen the work force of compulsory education teachers in Jilin Province: increasing the investment in rural compulsory education l, rational settlement of the matter of substitute teachers, improve the administrative regulations of rural compulsory education, encouraging compulsory education teachers take part in further education and heighten the prestige of them.
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