摘要
计算机技术与测试技术深层次相结合，使采用误差修正的高精度测量、实
时测量和自动测量成为可能。随着计算机技术的飞速发展，近几年最新发展起
来的虚拟仪器技术（VIRTUAL INSTRUMENT简称VI）越来越多地应用于测试、测
量、控制领域的各个方面，成为测控领域的发展方向。本次毕业设计结合国内
外电子测试仪器的发展现状、技术特点和发展趋势，通过对虚拟仪器技术的研
究，进行了基于PXI总线的测试系统的设计与开发。
本次毕业设计以船泊系统工程部工程项目“ PC机并口数据采集系统”为研
究对象，在详细分析用户需求的基础上，给出了系统的详细设计方案，设计并
实现了系统的应用软件和硬件，给出了系统的调试结论，完成了用户现场验收
并交付用户使用。针对系统中的高精度定时计数、多通道同步和实时数据流盘
等问题，提出了相应的实现方法。实验表明，采用虚拟仪器技术设计的数据采
集系统，在保证系统的高可靠性的前提下也简化了系统设计的过程。
通过本次毕业设计工作，笔者独立完成了“ PC机并口数据采集系统”，在
技术应用研究上可以归纳以下几个特点：
1、将虚拟仪器技术成功地应用于测试测量工程领域，虚拟仪器技术相对于传统仪器技术具有更大的开放性、模块化、可重复使用及互换性。
2、数字系统设计自动化技术的应用，通过运用VHDL语言和FPGA技术，使所设计的应用系统具有可重构性（reconfigurable）。
3、通过对数字系统自动设计技术的应用和研究，提出了数字系统硬件／软件协同设计的思想（Hardware／Software Codesign），并具体应用于实际工程的设计开发中。
Computer sciences integrated with measurement technology deeply make it possible to realize high-precision measurement with error-correction, real-time measurement and self-measurement. With the fast development of computer technology, the new virtual instrument (for short: VI) technology is applied in more and more fields, such as: test field, measurement field, control field, and became new research direction of test & measurement field. According to the current development, characteristic technology and research trend of electronic measurement technology, my dissertation descripted the design of a test & measurement system based PXI bus by studding VI technology,
The design’s research object is a project named “PC parallel port data acquisition system” of the Vessel System Engineering Department.Based on the result of analysising user’s requirement in detail, I accomplished the system’s design of application and hardware, got the system’s debug conclusion, and passed the user’s inspection. Aiming at the difficulty of the system such as: high-precision timing and count, multi-channels synchronization, real-time data flow disci brought forward an according resolvement. It was proved that the VI technology has predigested the design of the data acquisition system and can achieve high-reliability.
I completed the system independently. The primary work about the technology application can be summed up as follows:
One, study the application about VI technology in test and measurement field. VI technology has more openness, module property, and re-used and exchangeable property.
Two, the application of digital system design automation make the system have reconfigurablity by using VHDL and FPGA.
Three, put forward the digital system’s Hard/Software Codesign and apply it to practical project.
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