摘要
国家海洋公园是生态保护、游憩活动与科学研究的完美结合,业已成为可持续发展的经典之作。本文通过对国家海洋公园的研究,揭示其形成与发展的本质目标、特征与类型、影响因素、发展规律、保护与开发互动机理等,为创建长山群岛国家海洋公园的规划与设计、建设与保护、开发与管理以及我国国家海洋公园体系的构建提供科学依据,同时为这一新型生态旅游目的地的开发管理及区域可持续发展提供理论支撑。
首先,通过文献检索与资料收集构建国家海洋公园数据信息库,同时进行概念解析以及研究进展梳理,并进行综合分析与相关理论研究,形成国家海洋公园建设的理论基础；其次,重点研究国家海洋公园的建设与保护,分别包括：制度建设、规划设计、保护与开发互动研究等方面；再次,在实地调研获取资料的基础上,结合遥感影像解译,综合应用GIS空间分析技术、AHP法、德尔菲法及模糊评判等方法,通过背景分析、规划设计以及综合评估确定建设长山群岛国家海洋公园的实施对策,以期通过实施对其它地区的国家海洋公园建设起到示范作用。具体内容如下：
第一章为绪论部分,主要阐述论文的研究背景、意义、目标、内容、结构安排、拟解决的关键问题、研究方法与技术路线等内容。
第二章为研究的基础部分,全面解析了国家海洋公园的概念、特征及类型,评述了国内外相关研究进展,并选取了本文研究的切入点。
第三章归纳总结了国家海洋公园建设的基本理论,主要包括：建立、保护、开发等三大组成部分,分别对应着：保护区规划理论、生态承载力理论、旅游系统理论等三大理论支撑。
第四章探讨了国家海洋公园的制度建设,在借鉴国外成功经验的基础之上,明确了我国国家海洋公园的法律地位及依据,规范了公园的设立程序,健全了公园的管理体制,加强了公园的制度保障。
第五章研究了国家海洋公园的规划与设计,公园的选址应遵循体现区域特色、重视经济价值、兼顾社区居民、考虑区外影响、协调综合效益、注重经验因素等标准,采用基于GIS的空间分析技术、AHP法、德尔菲法以及模糊评判等方法确定公园的位置、面积、形状及功能分区。
第六章为国家海洋公园保护与开发互动研究部分,公园应统筹兼顾生态、经济、社会三大效益,协调保护与开发的关系,实施可持续发展。文章构建了基于生态承载力测算的数学模型量化区域生态保护与经济发展的状况,在传统模型的基础之上提出改进后的计算模型对区域本底生态足迹(BEF)、旅游生态足迹(TEF)、生态承载力(EC)、保护与开发协调度(C)、旅游容量阈值(T)等方面进行了定量分析。
第七章以大连长山群岛为例进行实证研究,通过影响因子、空间结构、适宜性等多方面分析确定公园的位置、范围及功能分区；通过改进后的数学模型量化长山群岛生态保护与经济发展的状况,对区域本底生态足迹(BEF)、旅游生态足迹(TEF)、生态承载力(EC)、保护与开发协调度(C)、旅游容量阈值(T)等方面进行定量分析；提出建设长山群岛国家海洋公园的实施对策。
第八章为论文的结论与展望,总结了研究成果及创新之处,指出了尚存的不足并进行了讨论,点明了下一步研究的方向。
National Marine Park is a perfect fit of ecology protection, recreational activities and scientific research, and it already becomes a classic work of sustainable development. The dissertation announces the essential target of formation and development, characteristics and type, influencing factor, law of development, mechanism of interaction of protection and development of National Marine Park with the research on it. The dissertation also provides the scientific basis to planning and design, protection and construction, development and management of creation Changshan Islands National Marine Park and structure of our country National Marine Park system. The dissertation meanwhile provides theory support to development and management of this new type ecological tourism destination and sustainable region development.
Firstly, the dissertation builds National Marine Parks data information base through the literature retrieval and data collection; simultaneously, the dissertation analyse the concept and research progress; and then, the dissertation carrys on comprehensive analysis and related theory research; the dissertation structures the theoretical basis of National Marine Parks construction.Secondly, the dissertation lays emphasis on the research of National Marine Parks construction and protection, including:system construction, planning and design, interactive of protection and development, etc. Thirdly, on the basis of investigation on access to materials, combining remote sensing image interpretation, the dissertation determine countermeasures of creation Changshan Islands National Marine Park through the background analysis, planning, design, comprehensive assessment, and integrated appling GIS spatial analysis technology, AHP, the Delphi Method and fuzzyevaluation etc.. This case will play demonstrative effect to construction National Marine Park of other regions through implementation the countermeasure. The specific content of the dissertation as follows:
Chapter one is introduction, which mainly expounded research background, significance, destination, content, paragraphing, key problems need to be solved, research method, technical route of this dissertation and so on.
The second chapter is base component of the research, which roundly analysed the concept, characteristic and type of National Marine Park. This chapter also reviewed the domestic and foreign relevant research progress, and then the chapter select the breakthrough point of this study.
Chapter three summarized fundamental theory of National Marine Park construction. These theories mainly includes:establishing, protection and development, which Corresponding to Reserve planning theory, Theory of ecological carrying capacity and Tourism system theory.
Based on the successful experience of other countries for reference basis, chapter four discussed the institution building of National Marine Park. This chapter point out the Legal status and basis of our country National Marine Park, regulated the establishment program of the park, improved the management system of the park, strengthened the institutional guarantee to the park.
Chapter five researched the design and planning of National Marine Park. Park location should follow the standard of reflect regional features, attention economic value, considering the community residents, considering influence outside, coordinated comprehensive benefit, notice experience factors. And park location should use the GIS spatial analysis technology, AHP, the Delphi Method, fuzzyevaluation, etc. to determine the place, area, shape and functional partition of the park.
Chapter six is the protection and development interactive study of National Marine Park. Park should be balanced ecological, economic and social benefits, coordinating the relationship between the development and protection, implementing sustainable development. The dissertation quantitative analysised of the regional ecological protection and economic development situation, constructing the calculated based on ecological carrying capacity mathematical model. Based on the traditional model based on the calculation model after put forward the improvement computation model quantitative analysisd regional original ecological footprint(BEF), tourism ecological footprint(TEF), ecological capacity (EC), coordination degree of protection and development(C), threshold of tourist capacity(T), and so on.
Chapter seven take Changshan Islands for an empirical research. The dissertation confirmed park place, scope and functional partition, with the analysis of impact factor, space structure, suitability etc. Based on the traditional model based on the calculation model after put forward the improvement computation model quantitative analysisd the original ecological footprint(BEF), tourism ecological footprint(TEF), ecological capacity(EC), coordination degree of protection and developmen(C), threshold of tourist capacity(T) of Changshan Islands. And then this Chapter proposed the countermeasure of Changshan Islands National Marine Park construction.
Chapter eight is the Conclusion and prospect of this dissertation which summed up the research achievement and innovations. The dissertation pointed out the deficiency and discussed, and then point out the next research direction.
引文
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