摘要
无刷双馈电机是一种运行可靠的通用交流电机，在变速恒频恒压发电和大容量变频调速系统中具有广泛应用前景。本文以国家自然科学基金和辽宁省科技攻关项目为研究背景，以新型混合转子无刷双馈电机为研究对象，进行电机的电磁特性分析与实验研究。主要研究工作包括以下几方面内容：
基于无刷双馈电机的转子演变历程和磁场调制机理，针对无刷双馈电机转子耦合能力弱制约电机推广应用的瓶颈问题，提出了具有强耦合能力的隔磁磁障与短路笼条相结合的新型混合转子结构。采用解析法和有限元分析法进一步揭示了新型混合转子的磁场调制机理。通过对不同类型转子结构无刷双馈电机磁场调制能力对比分析，证明了提出的混合转子在磁场调制能力方面具有突出优势。
为使提出的新型混合转子具有最佳的磁场调制作用，首次系统地对该种转子的结构参数进行了优化。采用有限元法，计算和分析了转子极弧系数、导磁层数目、导磁层与非导磁层宽度比、有无公共笼条、短路笼条组数、短路笼条层数等结构参数对电机磁场调制能力的影响，确定了获得最佳耦合能力的电机结构参数方案，为新型混合转子的设计和研制提供了理论基础。
为研究和分析该种新型电机的静、动态特性，对新型混合转子无刷双馈电机进行了电磁分析和动态特性仿真。对无刷双馈电机电磁设计的几个关键问题进行分析；基于能量摄动法，对混合转子无刷双馈电机的电感参数进行了计算；对电动机和发电机运行时无刷双馈电机的特性进行了动态仿真，对比分析了磁障转子和混合转子的运行性能。
针对无刷双馈电机气隙磁场谐波可能引起的径向不平衡电磁力，进行了理论分析与仿真研究。推导了气隙磁密的解析表达式，据此分析了气隙磁场的影响因素；采用解析分析和有限元分析法，研究了极数配合对气隙谐波磁场和径向电磁力的影响，得出了极数配合的选择依据。有助于在电机设计时避免电机产生大的单边磁拉力，减少电机的振动和噪声。
在国内外首次设计、研制了新型混合转子和磁障转子共用同一定子的两台无刷双馈电机试验样机，对两种不同转子结构电机进行了全面的对比实验研究。用电感参数的“静测法”对两种转子电机的电感参数进行了测试和分析；对磁障和混合转子无刷双馈电机分别进行了电动和发电机空载和负载的性能试验，对不同运行方式进行全面的性能测试。对比分析两种转子的实验结果，证明了提出的新型混合转子具有强的磁场调制作用和带负载运行能力，具有良好的运行性能，进一步验证了理论分析和研究方法的正确性和有效性。
The Brushless Doubly Fed Machine (BDFM) is an universal AC machine which canoperate reliably and has wide application prospects in the generation fields of variable speedand constant voltage constant frequency，and the adjustable system of large capacity motor.Supported by the China natural science fund and based on Liaoning key scientific andtechnological project, this paper conducted electromagnetic characteristics analysis andexperiments with novel hybrid rotor BDFM. The main research work includes the followingaspects:
The paper presents a new hybrid rotor BDFM with powerful coupling capability, which isbased on principles of magnetic field modulation and rotor researching progress, and limitingthe BDFM application because of the lower coupling capability rotor. After comparing thecoupling capability of different rotors and analyzing the field modulation via finite elementmethod, it proved the proposed hybrid rotor has outstanding advantages in the magnetic fieldmodulation capability
In order to improve further capability of magnetic field modulation, the rotor parametersare optimized in a systematical way. Using finite element method, the key parameters affectingthe coupling capability are analyzed, such as pole arc factor, amount of magnetic layer, ratioof magnetic to non-magnetic, short-circuit ring, amount of short-circuit set and short-circuitlayers. The parameters are optimized for holding the best coupling capability, which providestheoretical basis for designing and developing novel rotor.
In order to study and analyze the static and dynamic characteristics, Electromagneticanalysis and dynamic simulation are analyzed for hybrid rotor of BDFM, Several keyelectromagnetic aspects are analyzed for BDFM, such as using the Energy perturbationmethod to calculate the inductance parameters, conducting Dynamic simulation in generatorand motor modes and comparison of performances for magnetic barrier rotor and hybrid rotor
Regarding the complex magnetic fields harmonious of the BDFM, analytical expressionsof air-gap magnetic flux are derived, and the effect of parameters on magnetic flux is analyzed.Poles combination affects the air-gap magnetic field which leads to more complicatedmagnetic flux. Effect of poles combination and Salient poles number on radicalelectromagnetic force is researched, the Selection basis for pole combination is given, which avoids to produce unilateral magnetic force, and it could reduce the vibration and noise.
The BDFMs of new hybrid rotor and magnetic barrier rotor share same stator aredesigned and developed at home and abroad for the first time and comprehensive experimentsare carried out.The inductance parameters of two types of rotors are tested and analyzed usingstatic method for inductance. Noload and load tests of motor and generator are done. Resultsof comprehensive experiments for the two rotors prove that the hybrid rotor has strongercoupling capability, excellent load capacity and good performances. And it further proves thatthe analysis scheme for hybrid rotor BDFM is reasonable and correct.
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