摘要
本论文工作包含了北京上甸子区域大气本底站、四川温江为期
一年、浙江临安区域大气污染监测站为期半年的大气黑碳气溶胶观
测实验。利用该实验数据及青海瓦里关大气基准现象台黑碳气溶胶
长期监测数据和1998年拉萨气溶胶实验观测数据，结合气象观测
资料，本论文研究分析了我国不同地区大气黑碳气溶胶浓度变化特
征。利用浓度频数分布和对数正态分布拟合函数分析了不同地区大
气黑碳气溶胶本底浓度水平，其中，瓦里关山黑碳本底浓度最小，
为73ng·m~(-3)，温江黑碳本底浓度最大，为2849ng·m~(-3)。近十年黑碳
气溶胶监测结果显示：瓦里关山黑碳浓度有明显增长的趋势。对比
已有的我国黑碳气溶胶分布模式计算结果，除上甸子黑碳浓度模式
模拟结果同实测结果比较近似外，其它地区模拟结果和实测结果还
有一定的差异，我国黑碳浓度分布更为准确的计算还需要模式的改
进以及对我国黑碳气溶胶源排放因子和源排放清单加以进一步的研
究。后向轨迹及轨迹簇分析结果显示大气远距离输送过程对瓦里关
山黑碳气溶胶浓度有很大影响，当受到偏东方向气流控制时，黑碳
浓度较大。
Black carbon concentration observation was made continuously at
Shangdianzi regional GAW (Global Atmosphere Watch) station and
Wenjiang site for one year, at Lin抋n regional GAW station for half year.
Two other data sets were obtained from the long-term routine
measurement at Mt. Waliguan Global GAW Observatory and the Lhasa
experiment in 1998. The variation characteristics of black carbon at
these five sites were analyzed combining with meteorological data of
theirs. The background concentrations of black carbon were defined by
using the statistical method and the lognormal curve fitting for these sites.
The results showed that the background concentration of black carbon at
Mt. Waliguan was lowest with a value of 73 ngm3, the one at Wenjiang
site highest with a value of 2849 ngm3. The analysis of the Mt.
Waliguan data set showed a long term increasing trend since mid nineties.
The comparison of observation data with the existing model simulation
result showed relative good agreement for Shangdianzi site but for other
four sites. It may suggest the further investigation on the emission
inventory/emission factor of black carbon for the more accurate modeling
is necessary. Back trajectory analysis by using the cluster grouping
method showed the obvious influence of long distance transportation on
the variation of black carbon concentration at Mt. Waliguan, especially
for the high episode periods in easterly flow.
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