东北地区冰雪旅游经济效应及调控研究
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摘要
旅游经济效应是旅游产业发展过程中的客观规律,是旅游地理学中旅游区域影响研究的三个组成部分之一,可以反映出旅游对区域经济的作用效果。对旅游经济效应的研究可以正确认识区域经济发展中旅游所起的作用及旅游的产业地位,使旅游业与区域经济实现良性互动。东北地区冰雪旅游是区域中最具特色的旅游资源,在东北地区旅游业发展中起着举足轻重的作用,对冰雪旅游经济效应的研究不仅可以丰富旅游经济效应的研究成果,也是提升东北地区旅游经济整体发展水平,促进东北老工业基地经济转型和全面振兴的有效途径。因此,结合东北地区冰雪旅游的实际,构建冰雪旅游经济效应的理论与实践体系,这既是学术界亟待解决的研究课题,也是指导东北地区冰雪旅游产业正确定位、科学发展的迫切需要。论文在对东北地区冰雪旅游全面分析的基础上,定量评估了东北地区冰雪旅游的经济效应,揭示其成因及内部分异规律,进而提出相应的东北地区冰雪旅游经济效应调控体系,全文共分六章:
     第一章:绪论。分析冰雪旅游经济效应的研究背景,并对冰雪旅游及旅游经济效应等国内外研究进展进行梳理、分析,从国外、国内两个层面对冰雪旅游经济效应研究进展进行了综述,提出研究目标、内容与研究方法,建立本文的研究框架。
     第二章:冰雪旅游经济效应基础理论。对冰雪旅游相关概念进行解析,分析冰雪旅游经济效应的旅游地理学、经济地理学、区域经济学和其他相关理论基础。冰雪旅游经济效应以旅游乘数理论为基础,同时具有自己独特的属性,通过冰雪旅游收入在旅游目的地的循环传递,完成了增加冰雪旅游目的地的居民家庭收入和提高经济产出总量的过程。通过对冰雪旅游经济效应的传导过程、驱动力系统及其作用机制进行研究,得出冰雪旅游在区域经济系统运行中的参与方式及对区域经济的影响过程。
     第三章:东北地区冰雪旅游经济效应的评估体系构建。冰雪旅游经济效应有多种表现形式,其共同点是都会带动区域经济增长,同时,结合可获得的冰雪旅游数据的结构特点,从冰雪旅游与经济增长的关系角度来评价冰雪旅游的综合经济带动作用。从产业关联效应的角度,测算冰雪旅游产业的关联度,定位旅游对各相关产业的带动力度。对冰雪旅游需求和冰雪旅游收入进行预测,得出东北地区冰雪旅游经济效应的发展趋势。从三个评估角度刻画了冰雪旅游经济效应的作用力度及发展趋势。
     第四章:东北地区冰雪旅游经济效应评估及分析。对东北地区冰雪旅游发展条件、发展过程及存在问题深入分析的基础上,分别对东北地区冰雪旅游的综合经济效应、产业关联效应和东北地区冰雪旅游经济效应的未来发展趋势进行评估,在此基础上对评估结果进行综合分析。
     第五章:东北地区冰雪旅游经济效应调控体系。针对东北地区冰雪旅游经济效应的调控背景和调控目标,结合东北地区冰雪旅游经济效应的评估结果,提出相应的调控路径,包括加强东北地区冰雪旅游资源的品牌整合,实现冰雪旅游跨区域品牌共建;扶持冰雪旅游产业集群的建设;优化冰雪旅游空间布局,即:培育“四核、双轴、三区”的发展格局;完善冰雪旅游市场体系建设;加强东北地区冰雪旅游的“软环境”建设。
     第六章:研究结论与展望。东北冰雪旅游对区域经济的整体作用力度较弱,产业拉动作用不明显。但是冰雪旅游未来发展空间较大,其旅游需求和旅游收入增长较快。通过整合冰雪旅游品牌等调控路径,促进东北地区冰雪旅游经济效应的提升。
The economic effect of tourism is the objective law existing in the process of thedevelopment of the tourism industry. The economic effect of tourism is one of the threecomponents of the regional effect in tourism geography, and it can reflect the effect oftourism on regional economy. The research of economic effect of tourism can accuratelyunderstand the the role of the tourism on the regional economic development and theindustrial status of tourism, so that the mutually beneficial interaction between the tourismindustry and regional economy can be realized. The ice-snow tourism in Northeast China isthe most characteristic tourism resource, it plays a decisive role on the tourism developmentin this region. The research on the economic effect of ice-snow tourism can not only enrichthe economic effect of tourism research, but also to enhance the overall level of developmentof tourism economy in Northeast China and be the effective way to promote thetransformation of economy and comprehensive revitalization of the Old Industrial Bases inNortheast China. Considering the reality of the ice-snow tourism in Northeast China, thedissertation builds the theoretical and practical system of economic effect of the ice-snowtourism. The system is the urgent research topic in the academic world. And it is pressing forthe system to guide the healthy development of ice-snow tourism industry in Northeast China.After the comprehensive analysis on the ice-snow tourism in Northeast China, the dissertationhas quantitatively assessed the economic effect of ice-snow tourism in Northeast China,reveals the rules of regional variation, and then puts forward the regulation system ofice-snow tourism in Northeast China. The main research contents are as follows:
     The first chapter is the introduction. It analyzes the research background of economiceffect of ice-snow tourism, and reviews the domestic and foreign research progress ofice-snow tourism and economic effect of tourism. This part puts forward the research target,content and method of research and establishes the research framework of dissertation.
     The second chapter is the basic theory of the economic effect of ice-snow tourism. Itdefines the related concept of the ice-snow tourism, and analyzes the related theory ofeconomic effect of ice-snow tourism, such as tourism geography, economic geography,regional economics and etc.. The economic effect of ice-snow tourism is based on the tourismmultiplier theory, and also has its own unique attributes. The transmission of ice-snowtourism revenue in tourism destination can increase the residents’family income in theice-snow tourism destination and total economic output process. Through the research of theconduction process, driving force system and its mechanism of the economic effects of
     ice-snow tourism, it draws the way of participation of the ice-snow tourism in the regionaleconomic system and the effect of ice-snow tourism on the regional economic process.
     The third chapter is the construction of the evaluation system of economic effect ofice-snow tourism in Northeast China.The economic effect of ice-snow tourism has a variety offorms, but different forms have a common attribute that is to drive the regional economicgrowth. Combining with the structure characteristics of available data from ice-snow tourism,the dissertation evaluates the comprehensive economic effect of ice-snow tourism byestimating the relationship between the ice-snow tourism and the economic growth,calculating the correlation of ice-snow tourism industry, and forecasting the ice-snow tourismdemand and ice-snow tourism revenue to find the trend of the economic effect of ice-snowtourism. From three evaluation and prediction angles,the dissertation depicts the strength andthe developing trend of ice-snow tourism economic effect.
     The fourth chapter is the evaluation and analysis of the economic effect of ice-snowtourism in Northeast China. It deeply analyzes the development condition, developmentprocess and problems of ice-snow tourism in Northeast China. The dissertation evaluates thecomprehensive economic effect and the industrial correlation effect of ice-snow tourism, andforecasts the developing trend of ice-snow tourism in Northeast China. Finally, itcomprehensively analyzes the evaluation results.
     The fifth chapter is the regulating system of the the economic effect of ice-snow tourism.Based on the regulating background and target of the economy effect of ice-snow tourism inNortheast China and combining the evaluation results of ice-snow tourism economic effect,the dissertation puts forward the corresponding regulating pathways. That includesstrengthening the integration of ice-snow tourism resources, breeding the developing patternof “four cores, double axes, three regions”, consummating the tourism market system, andenhancing the “soft environment” of ice-snow tourism.
     The sixth chapter includes the conclusion and expectation. The whole effect of ice-snowin Northeast China tourism on regional economic is weak, and the pulling effect on the relatedindustries is not obvious. But the ice-snow tourism in Northeast China has a bright prospect,the tourism demand and tourism income of ice-snow tourism is growing rapidly. Theregulating pathways of ice-snow tourism can effectively enhance the economic effect ofice-snow tourism in Northeast China.
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