摘要
我国正在建设石油储备库,需要建造大批原油储罐,而目前国内大型油罐的设计和建造技术还很不成熟,因此改进和提高大型油罐的设计和建造技术是十分必要的。
本文采用理论分析和有限元计算的方法,并结合API 650、JIS B 8501设计规范,进行15万立方米和20万立方米大型油罐结构设计和优化。所做的主要工作如下:
(1)介绍了一种基于组合圆柱壳的大型油罐应力理论分析新方法和一种基于地基沉降量的有限元计算新方法;以我国自行建造的首台15万立方米原油储罐为研究对象,分析比较了应力实测值与理论分析值、有限元计算值之间的误差。结果表明,采用新方法的计算精度比原方法有较大程度的提高。
(2)依据API 650和JIS B 8501设计规范进行15万立方米油罐结构设计,并结合我国自行建造的首台15万立方米大型油罐,采用组合圆柱壳法和沉降量法进行油罐应力分析,确定15万立方米大型油罐的基本结构。
(3)进行20万立方米油罐结构设计,首先分析油罐结构参数对罐体应力的影响,确定最优结构参数;然后依据API 650设计规范,选取不同油罐直径进行结构设计,并采用组合圆柱壳法和沉降量法分析油罐应力,优化油罐结构,确定20万立方米大型油罐的基本结构。
With oil preservation being built in our country, many crude oil storage tanks are needed. However, the design and construction technology of large oil storage tank is quite immature, it is necessary to improve the design and construction technologyof large oil storage tank.With the API 650 and JIS B 8501 Standard, theory analysis and finite elementcalculation were conducted to design and optimize the model of 15×10~4m~3 , 20×10~4m~3. The research works of the thesis mainly include:(1) A new method based on a combined cylindrical shell theory and another new method which takes foundation-settlement as the boundary-condition in finite element analysis were introduced. Stress test of a 15×10~4 m oil storage tank were conducted, the test data of which were compared with the values of theory calculation and finite element analysis. The results showed that new methods introduced had much higher accuracy than existing ones.(2) The structural design of 15×10~4m~3 oil storage tank was did with API 650 and JIS B 8501 Standard. Combining the first 15×10~4 m~3 oil storage tank of our country, the stress analysis of oil storage tanks were conducted by new methods to determine the basic model of 15×10~4m~3 oil storage tank.(3) The structural design of 20×10~4m~3 oil storage tank was did. First, the effect of structural parameters on tank was analyzed to define optimal structural parameters;then the structural design of 20×10~4 m~3 oil storage tank was did with API 650 Standard, the stress analysis of oil storage tanks were conducted by new methods to determine the basic model of 20×10~4m~3 oil storage tank.
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