摘要
近年来，钢筋混凝土结构和钢结构的腐蚀、劣化问题日益严重，其中以钢材锈蚀最常见，这不仅影响结构的正常使用和寿命，还造成大量的安全和事故隐患。对于桥梁结构，由于其长期暴露在自然环境中，加上寒冷地区除冰盐的使用，桥面板钢筋锈蚀问题更加突出。新型材料FRP开始应用于土木工程，并能很好的解决了这个难题。
由于FRP具有各向异性、非均匀性等材料特性，在FRP空心桥面板中，各组件间连接和截面的构造形式成为影响其力学性能的主要因素。本文首先探讨了国内外FRP桥面板的发展现状和存在的问题，研究了FRP桥面板基本性能，分析了FRP桥面板破坏形式。
在此基础上，研究了FRP空心板的设计方法，提出了正方形截面形式和三角形截面形式两种比较常用的桥面板模型设计。通过对两种FRP桥面板构造的研究和对不同截面构造形式的FRP空心板的有限元分析，采用加厚面板面层降低桥面板挠度的措施，正方形截面形式的桥面板能承受更大的荷载。进而得出FRP桥面板代替混凝土桥面板是可行的。
接着对桥面板的连接技术，FRP桥面板自身的连接、FRP桥面板与梁之间的连接和FRP桥面板与栏杆之间的连接都可以用胶接连接和机械连接。结合胶接连接、机械连接和FRP桥面板的特点提出了实用的栓钉混凝土连接方案。从而推动FRP桥面板在土木工程应用。
In recent years, the problems—the corrosion and the degradation of the armored concrete configuration and the steel structure , are gradually grave. Among them rustiness of steel is the most common. They not only affect architectural regular usage and life-span , but also bring about large amount of hidden troubles on safety and the accident. For the structure of bridge, owing to exposure of long time to a natural environment and the usage of deicing salt in chill area, the problems are being obvious. But the new materials FRP which begin to apply to a civil engineering have resolved the difficult problems.
Since FRP has her own characters, such as aeolotropism , inhomogeneous characteristic property, the structure thinning out connection and cross section in face ply middle , in hollow FRP bridge-deck , the connection of every discreteness and the conformation format of section become the major factors affecting those mechanics function. This article first sums up the developmental situation and the existed problems of FRP bridge-deck in home and abroad, brings forward the main content of its own study, and then analyses the fundamental capability and destroying character of FRP bridge-deck , and sums up the destroying forms of the FRP bridge-deck in document.
Based on this, the article summarizes and analyses the design methods of FRP hollow deck, which establish a foundation of FRP bridge-deck, and then designs the two kinds of bridge-deck bridges in common use . it comes to this conclusion that it is possible to apply FRP compound material to bridge-beck by learning the conformation of the two FRP bridge-beck, finitely analyzing of the FRP hollow beck of different section structure form , adopting the measure that deepen bridge-beck and bridge-tier to reduce disturbing degree, and then bridge-beck of square section bearing bigger load.
Finally, technology of cementing connection and machinery connection can apply to the connection of bridge-beck, bridge-beck's own connection, connection of FRP bridge-beck and beam, also the connection of the FRP bridge-beck and balustrade .Combined with the character of cement connection, machinery connection and FRP bridge-beck, the author brings forward the applied scheme on the connection of bolt nail concrete, consequently driving the FRP bridge-beck to apply to the civil engineering.
引文
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