摘要
风能资源是绿色能源中最重要的组成之一,风力发电是目前利用风能的重要形式。我国风力机研制起步较晚,近年来,由于通过引进、消化、吸收外国的先进技术,使风机国产化工作取得了较快的进展。
风电技术发展的一个重要标志是单机容量的增加。单机容量的增加使得叶片趋于大型化,这就对叶片的强度刚度提出了更高的要求。本文设计研究了一种拉索平衡辅助结构的风力发电机。这种风力发电机为三叶型水平轴风力机。叶片主梁由两根变截面高强钢管交叉扭转形成,其间配以联系杆件,构成平面扭转桁架,三片叶片尖部以拉索相连以达到平衡叶片间扭转力。通过风轮空气动力理论的分析,选用叶片截面,确定安装角度,按照结构确定叶片弦长。根据分析求解目的的不同使用建模软件GAMBIT建立两个模型,用数值仿真软件FLUENT对两个模型进行分析。模型一用于模拟和求解50年一遇的极端风速下,叶片的受力,模型二用于模拟额定风速与转速下,求解风机功率和风力机风能利用系数。使用结构分析软件SAP2000对叶片结构在极限荷载下进行强度、变形、稳定条件的验算;并对叶片的频率进行探讨。
Wind energy will be one of the most important parts of green power supply in the future,while wind power generator is a important way of wind energy exploitation these days.China's research on wind power generator started comparatively late,but due to recent years introduction,digestion and implementation of advanced technology from other countries,the localization of wind generator has had great progress.
An important symbol of the development on wind power technology is the increase of generator unit capacity,which makes the blades tend to become large scale and this has brought forward higher request for the strength of the blade.This text design and research on a type of wind turbine with cable balance auxiliary structure,which is a horizontal axis generator with three blades.The steel girder of blades takes form by two variable cross-section high strength steel pipe crossing and twisting,between the girder are connective bars,which makes a twist truss,and thus the top of the three blades connect ed by cables which balance the torsion between blades.Based on the analysis to the aerodynamical theory of wind turbine,I choose the blade section,select the established angle,and the chord due to the structure,create two models with GAMBIT model-building software according to different purpose on analysis and solution.And use numerical simulation software FLUENT to do the analysis on these two models.ModelⅠapplies for modeling and solving the force of blade under the extreme wind fast once occurred in 50 years.ModelⅡapplies for solving wind turbine power and its utilization factor under the rated wind speed and rotation rate.Use structural analysis software SAP2000 to do the checking for strength,deformation,stability under the extreme load for the blade structure and do some primer research on the rotation rate on the blade.
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