摘要
转子振动主动控制技术是当今转子动力学的研究热点之一,随着现代控制理论和计算机技术与测量技术的发展,转子的振动控制技术逐步由被动控制转向主动控制,为实现对转子系统的主动控制,轴承的种类及结构形式也在不断发展,多种形式的非常规柔性轴承都在成功的应用或研制中,三柔性叶片主动控制滑动轴承就是其中之一。
计算机仿真是利用计算机对自然现象、系统工程、运动规律以至人脑思维等客观世界进行逼真的模拟,建立相应物理系统的数学模型在计算机上解算的过程。随着计算机的普及与进步,数值模拟与计算机图形技术及可视化技术相结合,计算机仿真在工程设计、生产管理、实验研究、系统分析等各个领域得到愈来愈广泛的应用。
本文以三柔性叶片主动控制滑动轴承转子系统模型为基础,采用PD控制策略模拟振动的主动控制,在VC++6.0环境下,基于MFC开发出仿真系统平台,对该系统进行了主动控制仿真研究。主要研究工作如下:
(1)首先介绍了三柔性叶片主动控制滑动轴承转子系统各部分结构的物理模型及工作原理,对应各部分结构的物理模型,详细地叙述了数学建模采用的各种数学方法,分析了各种数学方法的原理及特点。
(2)分析了PD控制策略的优点及应用场合,以转子涡动位移和涡动速度的模构建了目标函数,将PD控制策略应用到该转子系统的数学模型中,采用PD控制策略对该轴承转子系统实施主动控制。
(3)在VC++6.0环境下,基于MFC开发出仿真系统平台,制作仿真界面,编写程序,将数学模型转化为计算机语言。该仿真系统平台可以进行多种状态下的实时仿真,提高了系统仿真的效率和灵活性。
(4)运用仿真系统平台,对系统在自由振动和受迫振动状态下分别进行了的大量实时仿真研究。研究了转子、叶片的振动曲线,转子轴心轨迹及主动控制腔中控制压力变化曲线等各项性能,对主动控制前后的仿真结果进行了对比分析和总结。
仿真结果表明PD控制策略能够对转子的振动进行有效控制,转子的减振效果明显,较大程度地提高了系统的整体稳定性。该轴承具有良好的受控性能,研究工作进一步推动了该轴承转子系统在高速重载旋转机械方面的应用。
Active control technology of rotor vibration is a hot topic in the field of rotor dynamics. With the development of modern control theory, computer and measuring technique, vibration control technology of rotor is trans from passive control to active control. To achieve active control of rotor system, the kinds and structures of bearing is accordingly developed, various forms of unconventional flexible bearings are used successfully or under development, an active oil bearing with three flexible sleeves is one of them.
Computer simulation is to use computer to simulate the objective world of natural phenomenon, system engineering, motion regularity, artificial intelligence, etc. to establish the mathematics model of the physical system and to solved it on computer. With the popularity and progress of computer, numerical simulation combined with computer graphics, visualization technology, computer simulation has found an increasingly wide utilization in engineering design, production management, experimental study, system analysis, etc.
This paper based on the model of the rotor bearing system with three flexible sleeves, applied PD control strategy to simulate the active control of vibration, in the environment of VC++6.0, based on MFC developed a system simulation platform, and do simulation research on the active control of the system. The main research work includes the following:
(1) Firstly introduces the Physical model and working principle of all parts of the rotor bearing system, corresponding to the Physical model, detailedly described the mathematical methods used in mathematical modeling, analyzed the principle and characteristic of the mathimatical methods.
(2) Analyzed the advantages and applications of PD control strategy, using the Model of the rotor's whirl displacement and velocity construct the goal function, apply PD control strategy to the mathematical model of the rotor system, exert PD control strategy to the active control of the rotor bearing system.
(3) In the environment of VC++ 6.0, based on MFC developed a system simulation platform, design simulation interface and programming algorithm, convert the mathematical model to computer program. The platform can realize real-time simulation in many situations, promote efficiency and flexibility of system simulation.
(4) Use the system simulation platform, engaged in a great deal of real-time simulation study on the system in free vibration and forced vibration respectively. studied the rotor and sleeves oscillating curve, Rotor center trajectory, Active control pressure curve, etc. compared, analyze and conclude the simulation results before and after active control.
The simulation result shows that PD control strategy could control system vibration efficiently, vibration reduction is obvious, greatly improved the stability of the system. this kind of active bearing can achieve obvious control effect, the study give more impetus to the application in the field of high speed and heavily loaded rotary machinery.
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