摘要
本试验对不同经济类型猪肌内脂肪(Intramuscular fat，IMF)含量的超声活体预测方法及其影响因素进行了初步研究，通过建立回归方程，对与猪胴体肌内脂肪(Carcass loinintramuscular fat，CIMF)含量有关的图像参数进行了优化筛选，并对回归模型进行了统计分析，在超声预测猪活体IMF含量的思路和方法方面进行了初步的探索。
试验选取瘦肉型(n=25)和脂肪型(n=53)两种经济类型的猪分别用来建立猪活体IMF含量的预测模型。通过B超诊断仪，采集活体猪左侧胸腰结合处4张超声图像保存备用。然后使用MATLAB 6．5软件，采用三种不同处理方法(未处理、中值滤波处理、均衡化处理)对超声图像进行去噪处理，并分别从三种处理后的超声图像中提取11个候选图像参数用于回归预测方程的建立。屠宰后，采集与超声扫描相同部位的眼肌肉样用来测定胴体肌内脂肪CIMF含量。以CIMF为因变量，候选图像参数为自变量，采用SPSS软件，进行多元线性逐步回归分析。
试验结果如下：
1、猪活体同部位B超扫描图像灰度值的重复力为0．954，不同次扫描图像灰度的测量误差小、精度高，图像灰度所需度量次数少，采集1张B超图像即可用于预测猪活体IMF含量。
2、瘦肉型猪经均衡化处理后建立的回归方程效果最好，其最优回归方程为：y=-1．125+0．012×P_4
y为预测的肌内脂肪含量，P_4为B超图像中取样区域内灰度值在取样区灰度均值((?))到灰度均值+5((?)+5)范围内的所有像素灰度值总和与取样区域内灰度均值((?))之比。方程的R、R~2、R~2校整值分别为：0．675、0．456、0．432。
3、脂肪型猪经中值滤波处理后建立的回归方程效果最好，得到的最优回归方程为：y=6．405-0．012×P_4
P_4与y含义同上。方程的R、R~2、R~2校整值分别为：0．392、0．154、0．137。
Previous study about ultrasound predict Intramuscular fat (IMF)have been progressed in this test.The content of this research included filling of image parameters,and the statistical analysis ofModel.The mean of ultrasound predict IMF percentage have been introduced in the end.
Lean pigs (n=25)and obese pigs (n=53)were used to develop model to predict 1MF oflongissimus muscle in live pigs.A minimum of four longitudinal real-time ultrasound images were collected at the last ribs on live animals.Three different methods (untreated,median filter and equalization processing)were used to remove noise in ultrasound images by MATLAB software and 11 candidate image parameters were collected to develop model.After slaughter,a slice fromthe last rib loin interface was used to determine carcass loin intramuscular fat percentage (CIMF).By using CIMF as dependent variable,11 candidate image parameters from the last rib at loinmuscle area in live animal as independent variables,this model conducted linear regression analysistogether with SPSS.
The results showed that:
1. The gray value of b-ultrasound image has good quality with high precision and little measurement error,while the repetition was 0.954.One ultrasound image can be used to predictIMF in live swine.
2. The best effect of regression equation could get in lean pigs after removing noise by equalization processing,The optimum regression equation wasy=-1.125+0.012×P_4
The R,R~2 and adjusted R~2 was 0.675,0.456 and 0.432 respectively,(y was the predictivevalue of model,P_4 represent gray value in x_2 to x_(2+5) on special area of b-ultrasound image,(?)_2 was average gray value)
3. The best effect of regression equation could get in lean pigs after removing noise by medianfilter.The optimum regression equation wasy=6.405-0.012×P_4
The R,R~2 and adjusted R~2 was 0.392,0.154 and 0.137 respectively
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