摘要
企业组织创新动因的核心问题是解决引发企业组织创新的内部动因和外部动因对企业组织创新所产生的作用机理问题,因而成为学术界关注的热点问题。随着企业从初生到成长、成熟,直至衰退的变化过程,在企业生命周期的不同阶段,企业所拥有的表征特点不同,对企业的组织创新,特别是组织创新的动因也提出了不同的要求。在内外部环境的纷繁变化下,企业要解决的问题就是在特定的时间(企业生命周期,CLC)由于特定的原因(组织创新动因,OIM)而采取特定的方法(组织创新策略)。因此,基于企业生命周期的组织创新内外部动因对组织创新的作用机理研究,对于提高企业组织创新的绩效,进而增强企业的经济效益与竞争能力具有重要的现实意义。
有鉴于此,本论文根据模糊数学的相关原理,建立了基于五度量表的企业生命周期阶段判断的PAEI模型,通过因子分析法对组织创新动因的识别进行了实证研究,构建了基于企业生命周期的组织创新内外部动因对组织创新作用机理的理论分析模型,研究了在企业生命周期的不同阶段,组织创新的内部动因、外部动因以及内外部动因的耦合对组织创新的作用机理,最终提出了企业组织创新的策略选择问题。
本文设计了企业生命周期阶段判别的PAEI模型,实证了企业组织创新动因的识别模型,研究了企业组织创新方式的分类模型,最终构建了基于企业生命周期的组织创新动因作用机理的理论框架模型。首先,结合模糊集合论的相关理论,通过对单要素和多要素的模型构造,提出了企业生命周期阶段划分的PAEI方法。通过因子分析法,根据大样本检验,把战略调整、组织规模发展、企业文化变迁和技术推动、市场需求、政府调控识别为影响企业组织创新的内部动因和外部动因。在企业生命周期的不同阶段,企业组织创新的三种内部动因以不同的方式和强度影响企业组织创新的开展,由于内部动因的刺激作用而导致对突变型组织创新和渐变型组织创新的不同选择。同样,组织创新的三种外部动因在企业生命周期的不同阶段对组织创新产生作用的侧重点也有所不同,最终体现在对两种类型组织创新方式的不同选择上。根据组织创新内部动因和外部动因的研究,当组织创新的内部动因和外部动因发生耦合作用时,对组织创新方式的选择在企业生命周期的不同阶段也存在差异。哈尔滨锅炉厂有限责任公司由于三种内外部动因的不同作用而导致对组织创新的作用机理不同。
基于企业生命周期的组织创新动因对组织创新的作用机理研究为企业组织创新问题的深入研究构建了崭新的理论框架,即确定了影响企业组织创新的内外部动因,以企业生命周期理论为研究载体,综合分析了组织创新内外部动因对组织创新的作用机理问题。实证分析以及案例研究表明,在企业内部环境和外部环境的不断变化趋势下,对企业组织创新动因的界定和引导具有极其重要的作用。组织创新策略的研究,对于企业组织创新动因的深入分析和探讨是必要的和可行的。
The key problem of organizational innovation motivation is solving the function mechanism of interior and exterior motivations on organizational innovation, which has become a hotspot problem in academic circle. In company with the birth, growth, mature and decline of corporates, token characteristics are different at different stages of corporate life cycle, which puts forward different requirements to organizational innovation, especially to organizational innovation motivation. With complex changes of inner and outer environment, the problem that corporates have to solve is to take specific method (organizational innovation strategy) in specific period (corporate life cycle, CLC) according to specific reason (organizational innovation motivation, OIM). Therefore, research on the function mechanism of interior and exterior motivations on organizational innovation at the basis of corporate life cycle is of great realistic significance in enhancing the performance of organizational innovation and then economic benefit and competing ability.
Based on fuzzy mathematics, this paper constructs PAEI model of judging the stage of corporate life cycle to identify patterns of organizational innovation and categories of motivation by factor analysis, establishes theoretical analysis model of the function mechanism of interior and exterior motivations on organizational innovation to analyze the function mechanism of interior, exterior and coupling motivations on organizational innovation, and finally puts forward the problem of strategy selection of organizational innovation.
Based on relevant theories of fuzzy aggregate, this paper puts forward PAEI model to judge the stage of corporate life cycle. In this paper, intrinsic motivations refer to strategic adjustment, organizational scale development, corporate culture change, while extrinsic motivations refer to technology push, market demand and government regulation. At different stages of corporate cycle, the three intrinsic motivations influence the development of organizational innovation in different patterns and to different extents, which results in different selections between revolutionary and evolutionary organizational innovation. The three extrinsic motivations effect organizational innovation in different aspects at different stages of corporate cycle, which also embodies in different selections between the two patterns. Meanwhile, the coupling between intrinsic and extrinsic motivations also results in different selections between the two patterns at different stages of corporate cycle. According to the research, different functions of the three kinds of motivations result in different function mechanisms on organizational innovation in Harbin Boiler Works, Ltd..
Based on the analyses above, this paper establishes brand-new theoretical model for further research in organizational innovation, namely confirming the intrinsic and extrinsic motivations that influence organizational innovation and synthetically analyzes the function mechanism of intrinsic and extrinsic motivations on organizational innovation based on corporate cycle theory. Case study indicates that with continuously changing environment inner and outer corporates, it is mortally significant to define and guide organizational innovation motivation and it is necessary and feasible to study the strategies of organizational innovation in further research of organizational innovation motivation.
引文
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