摘要
随着计算机软硬件技术的不断发展与提高,核与辐射数值模拟程序得到了长足的发展。近年来相应发展了基于计算机辅助设计(CAD)技术和基于医学断层影像的自动建模方法与软件,以代替传统手工建模的方法,提高建模的效率。但是,早期的自动建模软件都是针对特定的单个计算程序进行发展的,需要扩展至其他计算程序,但架构可扩展性较差,难以嵌入新开发的组件。另外,早期的自动建模软件一般功能较为单一,不成体系。因此,发展一款具有先进体系架构,集成多功能的自动建模软件系统已成为核与辐射分析领域迫切的需求。
为了满足支持多种辐射输运计算程序和集成建模系统的新需求,本文在广泛调研国内外辐射输运计算自动建模方法和软件发展现状的基础上,设计了支持蒙特卡罗方法、离散纵标方法和特征线方法等不同种类的辐射输运计算程序的集成建模系统。系统的设计主要包括架构设计和功能设计两个方面。在架构设计方面,提出了基于科学工作流机制的系统架构和基于自定义可扩展描述语言的数据接口方法。在功能设计方面,集成建模系统的主要分为几何预处理、几何变换、计算管理和结果后处理四大功能。
同时,在FDS团队自主研发的核与辐射输运计算自动建模软件MCAM的基础上,对自动建模中的关键技术进行了研究。研究了基于切割环特征识别的CAD模型分解技术,改进了实体模型的体关系图(VRG),提高了现有自动建模系统的建模效率与建模结果的质量；研究了基于相同性评价的模型重用技术,探索了在自动建模中引入领域专家经验,提高了自动建模的效率。
本文设计的集成建模系统,将为先进的辐射输运计算自动建模方法和软件的发展提供一个重要的参考。
With the rapid development of the computer software and hardware, the nuclear and radiation numerical simulation methods and codes obtained the widespread and considerable development. The Computer Aided Design (CAD) based and medical images based automatic modeling techniques and software have been developed in recent years to speed up the modeling process significantly and use the complex models for nuclear and radiation transport analysis.
However, the early automatic modeling tools were developed aiming at one specific simulation code. It is low expansible to support other simulation codes. Also, they have only a unitary function. Some of them only implemented the visualization of simulation model with providing an assistant graphical interface; others only provide a translation interface between CAD models or medical images and radiation transport simulation models. Therefore, it becomes the urgent needs to design and develop an integrated multi-functional automatic modeling software system with an advanced architecture in the field of nuclear and radiation transport analysis.
In order to meet the new demand of automatic modeling, this thesis concluded the current status of existing automatic modeling techniques and tools for radiation transport codes at home and abroad and analysis their development trends. Then, this thesis designed an integrated multi-functional automatic modeling software system to support various simulation codes based on Monte Carlo method, discrete ordinates method and method of characteristics. The design included architecture design and functionality design. For the architecture design, the scientific workflow mechanism based system architecture and a self-defined extensible markup language (XML) based data interface method was proposed and designed. For the functionality design, four main functions of the integrated modeling system were detailed designed including geometric preprocess, geometric translation, calculation supervision and post-processing.
On the basis of the self-developed CAD/Image-based Modeling Program for Nuclear and Radiation System (MCAM), two key technologies were studied including feature recognition based CAD model decomposition technique and similarity estimation based model reuse technique. These techniques effectively improved the existing automatic modeling algorithm in efficiency of modeling process and quality of modeling results.
The design of integrated modeling system in this thesis would give an important reference direction for the future development of the automatic modeling methods and software for radiation transport simulation.
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