摘要
1991年,饭岛澄男(S.Iijima)发现了碳纳米管,碳纳米管就因其具备的优良性能引起了广泛关注。最近几年,人们致力于向碳纳米管上负载多种金属纳米颗粒,并且研究这种碳纳米管/金属纳米颗粒复合材料在电学、磁学、光学方面的独特性能。本论文围绕在碳纳米管上负载金属纳米颗粒展开研究,并为碳纳米管/金属纳米颗粒复合材料寻找应用。其中,重点开展两个方面工作：
利用双醛淀粉包裹碳纳米管,双醛淀粉作为交联剂和还原剂来还原银纳米颗粒,在碳纳米管外负载银纳米颗粒。这种方法简单、经济、环保,并且只需要在室温下进行。利用TEM、FT-IR、XRD和AAS对碳纳米管/银纳米颗粒复合材料进行分析。碳纳米管/银纳米颗粒复合材料被应用在抑菌方面,我们考察了碳纳米管/银纳米颗粒复合材料对大肠杆菌、巨大芽孢杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、四联球菌的抑菌效果。
我们利用甲苯导向直流电沉积的方法向碳纳米管管内负载镍铁合金纳米颗粒。这种方法省时、经济、环保,并且低温下即可进行。我们讨论了这种方法的可能机理。利用TEM、FT-IR、XRD、VSM和AAS方法对碳纳米管管内负载镍铁合金纳米颗粒的复合材料进行分析。我们把碳纳米管/镍铁合金纳米颗粒复合材料应用在联氨燃料电池的电催化方面,并且比较了不同组分的碳纳米管/镍铁合金纳米颗粒(镍铁摩尔比从100：0到60：40)对联氨的电催化活性。
Since the discovery by Iijima in1991, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have evoked wide interest due to their remarkable properties. In recent years, considerable efforts have been devoted to decorate CNTs with a variety of metal nanoparticles and measure the unique electrical, magnetic and optical properties of the metal nanoparticles-CNTs composite materials. In this thesis, our main aim is to decorate CNTs with metal nanoparticles and find some application for the metal nanoparticles-CNTs composite materials. Our main research is focused in two aspects:
We introduced a novel work on the synthesis of Ag-multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) by wrapping MWCNTs with dialdehyde starch (DAS) and reducing Ag+using DAS as complexant and reductant. The process was simple, economical, environment friendly and proceeded at room temperature. The Ag-MWCNTs were analyzed by TEM, FT-IR, XRD and AAS, respectively. The as prepared Ag-MWCNTs were used as antibacterial materials against E. coli, B. subtilis, B. megaterium, M. tetragenus, and exhibited superior antibacterial activities.
We explored a simple and novel method to fill multiwalled carbon nanotubes with Ni-Fe alloys by methylbenzene-oriented constant current electrodeposition. This method was time-saving, economical, environment friendly and proceeded at low temperature. A possible mechanism of electrodepositing Ni-Fe alloys inside MWCNTs was discussed in this study. The Ni-Fe alloys filled MWCNTs were analyzed by TEM, FT-IR, XRD, VSM and AAS. The Ni-Fe alloys filled MWCNTs with stoichiometries from (100:0) to (60:40) as catalysts were used in direct hydrazine (N2H4)-air fuel cells to determine the optimum composition for hydrazine electrocatalysis.
引文
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