摘要
本文对一个有进分气支线的枝状输气管网系统进行了调整改造方案的研究。针对一个有普遍意义的有进分气支线的枝状输气管网系统，建立了用于系统分析的数学模型。当气源气量、位置发生变化和用户数量、用气量变化时，原来的输气管网系统可能不能满足输送工艺的要求，需要对管网系统进行改造，本文考虑了三种调整改造方案，一是在原来的管网中增设压缩机站；二是更换原有的部分输气管段；三是铺设副管。在满足输气工艺的要求下，同时遵循下面的原则：增设的压缩机站数越少、压比越小就越经济；更换管段的长度越短、管径越小就越经济；铺设副管的长度越短、管径越小就越经济。对每一需要改造的管道提出了三种改造方案。
最后，以川西南地区的输气管网系统为例，进行了实例计算，提出了既满足气源和用户要求，又满足输送工艺要求的较经济的改造调整方案，可以为管网经营管理者提供决策依据。
This paper focuses on the research of the adjustment and reconstruction scheme for a treed nature gas line network system with discharge of branch lines. For such generalized system, the mathematical model which be used for system analysis has been established . When the production of the gas sources and locations change, with the consumer number and gas requirement changing as well, the existent nature gas line network system may not meet the need of the transportation process, so that the gas line network system has to be reconstructed. Three kinds of schemes have been considered in this paper as follows: one is to add the compressor station to the old nature gas line network, the other is to replace part of original segment of the existent gas pipeline, and the last is to lay the looped pipeline. The primary condition is to meet the need of the transportation process and the following principles have also to be obeyed: the system will be more economical with fewer numbers and smaller compression ratio of the added compressor station, shorter length and smaller pipe diameter of the replacing pipe segment, and the same of the laying looped pipeline as well. Three kinds of reconstruction schemes have been brought forward for each pipeline which needs to be reconstructed.
Finally, take the gas line network system in the southwest region of Sichuan as an example to calculate, and bring forward a comparatively economical adjustment and reconstruction scheme. It can meet the need of gas sources and consumers' requirement, but also the need of the transportation process. And then provide decisional proof for the network manager.
引文
1．李长俊．天然气管道输送．第一版．北京：石油工业出版社，2000
2．陈祖泽等．天然气管路输送(下册)．西南石油学院，1985
3．谢英．输气管网系统规划研究．西南石油学院研究生毕业论文，1997
4．康正凌．复杂天然气管网系统工艺参数研究．西南石油学院研究生毕业论文，1999
5．诸林．天然气加工工程．第一版．北京：石油工业出版社，1996
6．董正远．长距离输气管道设计优化经济模型．油气储运，1996，15(1)：16～19
7．刘先涛，李剑．输气管线副管与变径管设计技术经济分析—最低费用法．西南石油学院学报，1991，13(1)：41-47
8．刘先涛．输气管线副管与变径管设计技术经济分析—最小金属耗量法．天然气工业，1991，11(1)：51-54
10．李文绮．我国天然气工业现状及其展望．石油规划设计，1999，10(3)：1-3
11．史济民，汤观全．Visual Foxpro及其应用系统开发．第一版．北京：清华大学出版社，2000
12．川西南地区的管网资料
13．四川石油设计院，天津市建筑设计院《管道设计手册》编写组．输气干线设计手册．1974
14．钱锡俊，陈弘．泵与压缩机．第一版．东营：石油大学出版社，1989
15．张建杰．压缩机与驱动机选用手册．北京：石油工业出版社，1992
16．[苏]C．A．博布罗夫斯等著．陈祖泽译．天然气管路输送．北京：石油工业出版社，1985
17．王志昌．输气管道工程．北京：石油工业出版社，1997
18．姚光镇．输气管道设计与管理．东营：石油大学出版社，1991
19．林存瑛．天然气矿场集输．北京：石油工业出版社，1996
20．李书文等．气田集输管网最优管径组合．天然气工业，199l，11(5)：67-71
21．李书文，姚亦华．天然气集输网络最优化——静态设计．天然气工业，1988，8(2)：84-89
22. W Sung etc. Optimization of pipeline Network in Metropolitan Area, Korea, with Hybrid MCST-CD Networking Model. SPE38101,1997
23. Herry B. Martch, Norman J. McCall. Optimization of the Design and Operation of Natural Gas pipeline system. SPE4006, 1972
24. Dougherty. E.L. Application of optimization Methods to oilfield problems: proved, probable, possible, paper SPE3976 Presented at the SPE-AIME 47th Annual Fall Meeting. SanAntonio.Texas. Oct. 8-11,1972.
25. Durrer. E.J. and Slater. G.E: Optimization of petroleum and Natural Gas production-A Survey, Management science. Vol.24. No. 1 sept. 1977. 35-43
26. Lasdon. L. and Waren. A.D.: survey of Nonlinear programming Applications, Operations Research, Vol. 28. No. 5, Sept-Oct 1980, 10-29-1073
27. Hax. A.C.: Natrual Gas Transmission system optimozation, A mathematical programming Model, PhD, Dissertation, University of cal-ifornia, Berkeley. 1967
28. Cheeseman, A.P.: How to optimize Gas pipeline Design by Computer Oil and Gas Journal, Dec. 20,1971,64-68
29．朱琪．关于长距离输气干管经济管径的研究．油气储运，Vol．4，No．5，1985
30．郑清高．输气干线经济公式初探．天然气工业，Vol．10，No．3，1990
31. Bhaduri, S.; Talachi, R.K.: Optimization of Nature Gas Pipeline Design. ASME, Peroleum Division p67-76,1988
32. Vijender N. Gopal. Optimizing Pipeline Operation. Joural of Petroleum Technology, Nov. 1980
33. Eng. Adam Zanker. Calculation of Economic Pipeline Sizes. Pipes & Pipelines International, October. 1981