摘要
现今,微型飞行器(Micro-aviation-vehicle)不论在民用服务还是国家安全中都起着不可忽视的关键作用,它体积小,重量轻,功耗低等特点非常适合应用于军用作战及民用勘探等领域。而微型飞行器机载收发信机作为MAV遥控数据及图像数据的主要传输通信工具,对它的研究成为微型飞行器发展的重点之一。
本文自行设计了一款半双工MAV机载收发信机。该收发信机要求重量不超过15g,通信距离达到3～5km,在38.4kbps码速率下接收灵敏度达到-110dBm。整个系统采用FSK信号调制方式,传输中心频率为915.2MHz,最大码速率能升级到170kbps,满足了微型飞行器对机载收发信机的要求。
本文首先对MAV机载收发信机的技术指标进行论证,通过芯片的选择对收发信机的功耗、重量、体积及传输距离进行估算。接着文章讨论了MAV机载收发信机的设计方案,通过理论论证给出了硬件设计电路及系统主控部分的软件设计。最后本文对收发信机的硬件调试进行了简单的介绍,给出了部分结果,并在总结本文工作的同时提出了未来的工作及方案的改进思路。
Today, the Micro-aviation-vehicle (MAV) is playing an indispensable role in both safeguarding national security and offering civil services. Its advantageous characteristics of being small in size, light in weight and low in power consumption make it very suited to military campaign, civil prospecting and other fields. In the meantime, the MAV airborne transceiver, as the major transmission and communication vehicle for remote-controlled data and image data of the micro-aviation-vehicle, has become one of the key research targets for the development of MAV.
This thesis presented here displays and illustrates the semi-duplex MAV airborne transceiver designed independently by the author. The weight of this MAV airborne transceiver is required to be no more than 15g, with its transmission distance reaching 3 to 5 km and receiving sensitivity -110dBm at the code velocity of 38.4kbps. The whole system adopts the FSK signal modulation mode and the transmission center frequency and maximum code velocity are set at 915.2MHz and 170kbps respectively , which satisfies the demands of MAV.
The author begins this thesis by reasoning on the technical index of the MAV airborne transceiver and estimating its power consumption, weight, size and transmission distance based on the choice of its chip. It is followed by the designing scheme of the MAV airborne transceiver in which part the author shows the hardware design of circuit and the software design of the major controlling parts of the system through theoretical argumentation. In concluding this thesis, the author presents a brief introduction to the ways of shakedown testing of the hardware, provides part of the results in this respect and proposes future work and thoughts for improvement based on the summarization of the whole thesis.
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