摘要
在PLC控制系统中应用现场总线技术实现PLC与现场设备、客户端、服务器间实时通信,达到分散优化综合控制是工业控制领域的热门问题。综合控制系统设计的优良直接影响着工业生产的经济性。深入研究应用PLC及现场总线控制技术会为我国在工业自动化领域的进一步发展做出有益贡献。
随着PLC、网络和现场总线技术的飞速发展,引起了自动化领域传统控制结构的变革,逐步形成了以PLC为基础的控制系统。工业以太网具备工业控制网络所必需的特征,随着以太网技术的不断的发展和完善,以工业以太网为代表的COTS(Commercial Off The Shelf)技术正在工业控制领域得到广泛地应用。20世纪90年代中后期,国内外各大工控公司纷纷在其控制系统中采用以太网,推出了基于以太网的DCS、PLC、数据采集器,以及基于以太网的现场仪表、显示仪表等产品。今后,以太网必将成为工业控制网络发展的首选,也将取代目前标准过于庞杂的现场总线而进入企业自动化系统的控制层面,实现网络控制系统一网到底的局面。
本文以散粮码头中控系统为项目背景,以施耐德公司生产的Quantum系列可编程序控制器为例,从网络控制系统的发展历程出发,详细分析了工业以太网的发展历史、现状和趋势,针对工业以太网在现场应用中的一系列关键技术进行了深入地探讨研究,重点分析了以太网发展至今仍然存在的实时性和不确定性问题;并阐述了以太网在当今控制系统中的应用及以太网与信息网络集成以构建管控一体化系统所面临的技术问题;最后,从项目建设的实例出发,描述了在构建以工业以太网为基础的企业综合自动化系统时所要解决的一系列通信接口问题。本人在该项目中参与硬件的组态、通信和PLC控制程序的编制,因此本文中也讲到了皮带机系统控制程序的编写思路和方法。
论文主要从硬件设计与软件设计两方面对系统进行介绍。硬件设计包括系统总体结构的设计和各个组成部分的设计。软件设计主要是下位机的程序设计。该系统能够对散粮系统实现自动控制,保证散粮系统运行中最佳运行状态,提高生产管理水平。监控系统安装、维护方便,运行可靠、稳定、使用方便。
Now PLC control system is widely studied and applied in the field of industrial automation. PLC control system conbine with Field-Bus will keep PLC, Field-device, and client and service computer in real-time communication. This control system affects the industry production directly. So the combination of PLC control system and Field-Bus will become the hot spot in near future. The works of study and application of this combine system will enhance competence in this field of our country.
PLC, Network and field bus technique speedily development changes traditional control structure of the automation territory, and the business information system that takes the integrated automation of PLC as the base takes shape gradually. The Ethernet has all the required character of industrial control network, along with the unceasing development and consummation of Ethernet technology, the COTS (Commercial Off The Shelf) technology represented by Ethernet is widely used in industrial domain. In the late 1990s, many big industrial company inside and outside adopted the Ethernet in their system one after another, produced DCS, PLC, date collection implement based on Ethernet, in addition to some locale meter and display meter also based on Ethernet. In the future, Ethernet must have become the first choice of the industrial control network, and must have displaced the Fieldbus that now has too much standards to enter into the control layer of automation system, so the hope of "one network for system" would come true.
This paper is based on food supplies in bulk dock central control system, taking the application of Modicon Quantum Programmable Controller for example, introduces the starting off from the development process of industrial control network, analyzing the history, actuality and trend of the Ethernet. It also gives discussion and research in the key technology of the Ethernet when using in industrial locale, mainly analyzing the unresolved problem such as real time character and uncertain character. In addition, the paper narrate how the Ethernet is used in industrial control and how the Ethernet is integrated with informational network. The author presided over the configuration and communication of the hardware in the project, also programmed at the PLC, so the paper accordingly gives the way and means of the strap control program.
The thesis introduces the system from hardware and software. The hardware includes the design of outline ande components. The software includes design of program.
The operation and experiment demonstrates that the system can make the work of food supplies system automated in some degree. It is good for guaranteeing the best state of the pump and improving the level of the management. It is also facility to mount and maintain, reliable to operate, and precise to supervise and control. The supervisory software has abundant function and convenience to use.
引文
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