摘要
传统的制备生物活性玻璃(Bioactive glass, BG)为高温熔融法,现在已经扩展到溶胶-凝胶法、水热法、模板法等,利用这些新方法可以制备生物活性活性玻璃粉体、介孔生物活性玻璃、生物活性玻璃纤维等新型生物活性玻璃,这些新型生物活性材料有着一些更优良的性能,如材料的化学均匀性可达分子级别,并具有纳米介孔结构、巨大的比表面积以及较高的化学活性和吸附特性等。传统高温熔融法制备的具有代表性的生物活性玻璃为45S5,其化学组成为:SiO245 %,Na2O 4.5 %,CaO 24.5% ,P2O5 6 %(wt%),该生物活性玻璃在创面修复领域已经有了很好的应用,但是溶胶-凝胶生物活性玻璃(Sol-gel bioactive glass, SGBG)和纳米生物活性玻璃(Nanoscale bioactive glass, NBG)等新型生物活性玻璃在这方面的研究比较少。本课题就生物活性玻璃制备方法中的模板法出发,致力于新型生物活性玻璃材料的合成及其在创面修复中的应用研究,并探讨其机理。
本研究采用溶胶-凝胶共沉淀法、结合冷冻干燥技术制备了颗粒尺寸在纳米级的生物活性玻璃NBG,研究了加入分散剂聚乙二醇(PEG-10000)对生物活性玻璃颗粒的分散性能、微观形貌和生物活性的影响。结果表明:没有加入PEG制得的NBG颗粒呈现不规则形态,粒径小于50 nm,加有PEG的NBG颗粒形状趋于规则的球形,分散性大大提高,颗粒粒径在40～100 nm,而且加入PEG的浓度越高,制备的NBG颗粒粒径越小。通过比较NBG与溶胶-凝胶生物活性玻璃SGBG在模拟人体体液(Simulated body fluid, SBF)中的表面矿化研究,发现NBG比SGBG有更高的生物活性。本课题还研究了SGBG、NBG、45S5修复糖尿病大鼠模型溃疡的情况,研究结果表明:①生物活性玻璃能促进糖尿病大鼠创面的愈合,提高其愈合速度。②在促进难愈创面的愈合方面,SGBG和NBG比45S5更加快速有效,创面愈合所需时间更短,SGBG和NBG相比效果相差不大。
Presently the methods of preparation of bioactive glass have extended from the traditional melting method to the sol-gel method, hydrothermal method, template method and so on. In these methods we can obtain bioactive glass powder, mesoporous bioactive glass , bioactive glass fiber and other advanced bioactive glasses, which have some better biological properties, such as the chemical homogeneity in molecular level, nanoscale mesoporous structure, larger surface area, higher chemical activity and adsorption characteristics. The bioactive glass(SiO245%, Na2O 4.5%, CaO 24.5%, P2O5 6%(45S5)) prepared using the traditional melting method has been widely used in wound healing, but only a few research of the advanced bioactive glass has been done in this area The subject of the study is is to prepare the advanced bioactive glass by the sol-gel and template methods and explore its application and mechanism in woundhealing.
Nanoscale bioactive glass (NBG) powders were prepared using the sol-gel co-precipitation and freeze-drying methods in this study, also effects of polyethylene glycol (PEG-10000) as a dispersing agent on their nanoscale morphology and bioactivity was investigated. The results showed that NBG particles prepared without without adding PEG were found with an irregular particle morphology and the particle size was less than 50 nm .With addition of PEG, the spherical bioactive glass particles formed and the particle size ranged in approximately 40～100 nm. The higher PEG concentration was, the particle size decreased.The in vitro bioactivity test in a simulated body fluid (SBF) demonstrated that NBG possessed a higher bioactivity than the sol-gel derived bioactive glass(SGBG).
Three kinds of bioactive glassSGBG、NBG and 45S5 were used to heal the wound in dibabetic rats. The results indicated that:○1 The bioactive glass can promote wound healing of diabetic and increase the healing rate.○2 Compared with the 45S5, SGBG and NBG can promote wound healing of diabetic rats more quickly and efficiently ,and the wound healing time is less, but no significant difference was observed between SGBG and NBG.
引文
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