摘要
肉牛业的根本出路在于良种化。根据目前我国肉牛生产现状，建立以胚胎工程为主的肉牛繁育体系，是加速肉牛良种化，提高生产性能和生产水平的关键之所在。为探讨纯种肉牛胚胎工厂化生产的技术程序，在1999～2001年间，采用CIDR+FSH+PG法对西门塔尔、利木赞、夏洛来共三个品种32头种母牛进行了52头次的超数排卵处理，筛选各个品种的最佳FSH剂量；然后，用玻璃化和一步细管法对可用胚冷冻保存并检验其受胎率。结果显示：CIDR+FSH+PG法是一种纯种肉牛胚胎工厂化生产的有效方法，西门塔尔、利木赞、夏洛来三个品种的最佳FSH注射剂量分别为21.6、10、10mg，对应的可用胚胎数分别为9.22、9.60、9.13枚，排卵反应与退化卵数、未受精卵数之间呈现强正相关关系(r＞0.9)；使用乙二醇的玻璃化冻胚的受眙率(54.7％)高于使用甘油一步法冷冻的胚胎的受胎率(41.3％)。技术人员的操作熟练程度对胚胎移植的最终效果有着直接的影响。
The expanding field of embryo transfer can be viewed as the female counterpart of artificial insemination. Synchronization of the estrous cycleis the first step in ET. It has progressed from prolonging or reducing the leteal phase to modifying ovarian follocular waves with FSH. A novel approach uses the protocol of P+FSH+PG to improve synchrong of ovulation and timed insemination without the detection of estrus. Cryopreservation techology is gradually replacing the age-old method the simple method of vitrification. The ability to freezers, to freeze and thaw embryo with very little detrimental effect on their survival facilitates not only routine ET but also has led to an international trade in frozen embryos of cattle. Beside, the export of embryos is safer and cheaper than exporting live animals or semen. Remarkable progress has been made during the past decade in the refinement of procedures for induction of ovulation, synchronization of estrus, in vivo and in vitro production and Cryopreservation of embr
yos. The nonsurgical techniques and laparoscopy for routine embryo transfer have accelerated the growth of embryo transfer technology in farm animals.
32CH, LM, SM cattle were selected as donors and devided into 3 groups, on the same condition of feeding system, these donors were superovulated with the following treatments: CIDR + FSH 10mg + PG (I group), CIDR + FSH 18mg + PG (II group), and CIDR + FSH 21.6mg + PG (III group) . In addition, crypreservation of embryo was used for two methods. The results showed that the superovulation effects(excellent embryo:9.22)of SM cattle of 1 group were batter than that of II, III group, they had singicant difference(p<0.05); the superovulation effects (excellent embryo: 9.60) of LM cattle of II group were batter than that of I, III group, they had singicant difference (p<0.05); the superovulation effects (excellent
embryo: 9.13) of CH cattle of II group were batter than that of I, III group, they had singicant difference (p<0.05). Compared with the group with using glycerol, the group with using glycerol had a batter conception rate, 41.3%, 54.7%, respectively.
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