摘要
油田注水是我国油田开发的一种十分重要的开采方式,油田注水的目的是发挥注水驱替和补充地层能量的双重作用,促使油井产出更多的原油,而油田注水地面系统是注水系统的重要组成部分。
本文运用遗传算法对油田注水地面系统的拓扑布局进行了一定研究,通过优化技术来确定注水井与配水间的关系、注水站的站址、注水管网布局、注水管网管道的运行参数,最后应用模型协调法,协调管网布局和参数的关系,得到完整的优化管网。对油田注水地面系统的用能进行了分析,得出注水站是注水系统的主要能耗损失点。针对注水站注水泵运行的特点,运用大系统理论与压力谷性质将注水系统分解成若干个子系统,进行注水站合理排量的计算,注水泵运行泵压的优化,并对柱塞泵和并联离心泵的运行特性进行了分析。
Water-flooding as an important way to oil exploitation is used by many oilfields in our country. Its purpose is to make up the energy in oil reservoir and displace oil to the wellbore, and the water injection system take an important role in Water-flooding system.Topological optimization to the layout of oilfield water-injection surface system with Genetic Algorithm has been studied in this dissertation. To determine the relation between water distributing station and water injection wells, the positions of water injection station and the layout and parameters of water-injection pipe network through optimization technique, and then assort with the parameters of water-injection pipe network layout with model coordination method. At last, me optimal layout of water-injection pipe network can be obtained. The energy consumption of water-flooding system has been analyzed, and the one of water-injection station is a critical problem. According to 'Large Scale System' theory and 'Pressure Valley' theory, water-injection system can be divided into a series of subsystems. With engineering fluid mechanics theory, economic displacement of water-injection station can be calculated. The running pump pressure has been analyzed, and technical treatments have been given In addition, running characteristics of plunger pump and centrifugal pump connected in parallel have been studied respectively, and then characteristic curve and computing methods have been presented.
引文
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