以战略为导向的绩效管理模型研究
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摘要
在绩效管理实践中,常重视本位绩效而忽视组织目标,并且用绩效评估代替绩效管理,从而导致绩效管理流于形式,没有发挥出其应有的作用。究其原因,是在绩效管理时没有将绩效管理与战略结合起来。
     针对“如何使绩效管理与战略相结合”的问题,本文应用战略管理、战略人力资源管理和绩效管理理论,在文献查考的基础上,做了以下工作:
     (1)分析了绩效管理与战略管理之间的关系,指出了建立以战略为导向的绩效管理模型的理论依据和必要性。
     (2)分析了以战略为导向的绩效管理中各环节之间的关系。
     (3)在上述分析的基础上,借鉴前人的综合绩效管理理论,建立了以战略为导向的绩效管理模型。
     (4)以一汽大柴为背景,研究了以战略为导向的绩效模型实现方法,包括:绩效目标设定、个人发展计划制定、绩效实施与监控、绩效评估、绩效反馈、绩效奖励、绩效障碍分析等,为以战略为导向的绩效管理模型的应用提供了方法指导。其中在设定绩效目标时,综合应用了目标管理法(MBO)、平衡计分卡(BSC)和关键业绩指标法(KPI),将组织战略按照组织——部门(团队)——个人的顺序,层层分解为具体的可操作性目标,使员工、团队行动与组织战略挂起钩来。
     (5)探讨了以战略为导向的绩效管理实施的条件。
     以战略为导向的绩效管理模型于2002年在一汽大柴进行了试点应用,取得了良好的效果,并在2003年开始在全厂推行实施,在实践上验证了以战略为导向的绩效管理的可行性。
     结果证明:以战略为导向的绩效管理模型能促使绩效管理和战略的有机结合,并为企业实施有效的绩效管理提供了思路和指导方法。
It comes to light the application of e-business popularize in the global area. E-business, as a dominating commercial mode in new times, is greatly impacting on the management of traditional business. E-business improved management efficiency, reduced management cost and enhanced the customers' satisfaction. How to actualize e-business is most crucial, if our enterprises want to exist and develop well in this network age.
    At the beginning, the paper introduce e-business' generation and development. On the basis of this, according to the content, trader and net, the classification of the e-business has been made. Then the paper analyzes the e-business' function and benefit. Secondly, in order to open out the titanic function of e-business' in enterprise development and acquiring competitive capability, the paper analyzes the e-business' actuality and current both here and abroad. At the same time the development of enterprises' e-business still stand in an initial stage in the world. According to the current situation of our country' s e-business, some principles have been suggested. On the basis of classification of development the paper divides e-business three levels: primary level(spreading ways), intermediate level (integration), senior level (transformation) and ultimate level(amalgamation).These strategies include continuity and selectivity. At this uncertain network times ,the enterprise may select right strategy by trade status, competition condition and customer's need.
    This thesis not only tries to innovate on the base of the theory, but pays attention to the value of application and practical methods. Hopping the research can contribute to the development of theory, and provide reference for the making and application of enterprise strategy.
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