新形势下我国都市工业园创新机制与模式研究
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摘要
都市工业园是目前世界各国推动产学研同步创新的重要引擎,是抢占国际经济和产业发展制高点的有力平台,是提升自主创新能力和国际市场竞争力的坚实后盾。我国都市工业园兴起于20世纪末期,经过20多年发展,各地成长了一批具有产业特色的都市工业园,成为促进我国经济增长和社会发展的重要支撑力量。
     由于我国都市工业园起步较晚,在技术创新、产业发展、人才培养等方面与世界先进都市工业园存在一定的差距;在管理机制上,我国都市工业园面临着单一依靠土地优惠、税费减免来推动园区发展的困境。随着新形势下的低碳经济、新型工业化、自主创新和战略性新兴产业培育等新要求的出现,我国都市工业园不仅肩负着突破发展瓶颈的重任,而且还承担着引领我国经济实现新形势下跨越式发展的艰巨使命。因此探寻一种适合我国都市工业园发展现状的创新机制与模式,顺利将其带入发展快车道,成为当前新形势下我国都市工业园发展急需解决的首要问题。
     本文在创新机制与模式、区域发展模式、都市工业园发展的理论的指导下,采用定性与定量相结合、理论阐释与案例分析相结合的方法展开研究。在分析国外先进工业园的基础上,对我国都市工业园的传统发展模式进行了总结,并建立了都市工业园的评价体系,围绕着新形势下对我国都市工业园提出的新要求,提出了适合我国都市工业园发展的创新机制与模式。
     全文分为六部分,共八章。内容具体安排如下:
     第一部分为引言部分,重点介绍本文的研究背景与意义、国内外相关研究现状以及本文的研究内容和方法,为论文进一步实证及提出我国都市工业园发展的创新机制与模式提供了理论基础和分析角度;
     第二部分包括第2章与第3章,主要涵盖了国外典型工业园的发展模式借鉴与国内传统工业园的发展模式评价两部分。选取美国硅谷、日本筑波、法国索菲亚等5个国际知名都市工业园展开研究,介绍其发展概况和发展模式,并在此基础上对其评价与借鉴。同时,采用理论阐释与典型案例相结合的形式,详细地论述了我国传统工业园目前存在的主要发展模式,并运用层次分析法客观评价了我国工业园的发展现状;
     第三部分从低碳经济、新型工业化、自主创新和战略性新兴产业培育等视角,深刻剖析了新形势对工业园发展模式提出的新要求,并结合新要求提出了培育战略性新兴产业的意义与途径;
     第四部分包括第5章与第6章,主要阐述了我国都市工业园发展的创新机制与创新模式,是本文的理论创新部分。以我国都市工业园的创新机制架构为切入点,深入分析了我国都市工业园的三大创新机制,即牵引创新机制、协同创新机制、循环转换创新机制。同时,在我国都市工业园创新机制的基础上,提出了四大创新模式,即运营主体企业化模式、政府服务平台化模式、通用厂房租赁化模式、运营服务第三方化模式。创新机制与创新模式为我国都市工业园实现跨越式发展奠定了良好的理论基础;
     第五部分是对天津东丽区华明工业园进行了实证研究,主要介绍了该工业园的发展概况、战略规划、战略定位以及战略布局,并从组织体系、运营模式、人才保障、服务平台和政策支撑等方面提出了华明工业园的创新发展模式;
     第六部分为全文的总结与展望,对全文的研究内容进行了总结,指出下一步研究的主要方向和内容。
Nowadays the urban industrial park is the important engine of promoting the synchronous innovation of industry and university and research institutions among the world's countries, is the powerful platform of grasping the high ground of international economic and industrial development, is the solid backing of improving independent innovation capability and international competitiveness. China's urban industrial parks rose at the late20th century. After more than20years'development, a new group of urban industrial parks owning industry characteristics have been grown up and become the vital support strength of promoting our country's economic growth and social development.
     ) As China's urban industrial parks started late, they have some gaps comparing with the world's most advanced urban industrial parks on the aspects of technological innovation, industrial development, personnel training, etc. On the mechanism of management, our country's urban industrial parks faced the plight of relying only on land preference and tax relief to promote their development. Under the new situation, our parks have raised some new requirements, such as low-carbon economy, industrialization, independent innovation and new strategic industries. China's urban industrial parks not only shoulder the important task of breaking the bottleneck, but also bear the difficult mission of leading our economy to achieve rapid development under the new situation. Therefore, searching suitable status of innovative mechanisms and patterns for our nation's urban industrial parks so as to carry it successful into the fast lane of development has become the chief developmental problem of China's urban industrial parks under the new situation, which is needed to solve.
     Under the guidance of the innovative mechanisms and patterns theories and the regional developmental pattern theories and theories of urban industrial park, the article uses the methods of combining qualitative and quantitative, gathering theoretical explanation and case study to uphold the study. On the basis of analyzing foreign advanced industrial park, the article summaries traditional development models of China's urban industrial parks and establishes the evaluation system of urban industrial parks. Surrounding the new requirement of China's urban industrial parks under the new situation, the article also proposes suitable innovative mechanisms and pattern for China's urban industrial parks.
     The passage is divided into six parts, which contained eight chapters totally. The content is arranged specifically as follows:
     The first part is introduction. It focuses on introducing the article's research background and significance, the current related research at home and abroad, and the study content and methods of the essay. This part provides theoretical foundations and analysis angles for certifying and offering further innovative mechanisms and patterns on the development of China's urban industrial parks.
     The second part consists of Chapter2and Chapter3. It mainly covers two sections, one is referencing the foreign typical industrial parks' developmental models, and the other is evaluating domestic traditional industrial parks. This part selects five international famous urban industrial parks to uphold the study, which include Silicon Valley in U.S., Tsukuba in Japan, Sofia in France, etc. The essay introduces the developmental situations and patterns of the five parks and proposes the evaluation and reference on the basis of the induction. At the same time, the article adopts the form of combining theoretical explanation and typical cases so as to discuss the major development patterns of our country's traditional industrial park in detail and use AHP to evaluate objectively the developmental situation of China's current industrial parks.
     From the perspective of low-carbon economy, industrialization, independent innovation and new strategic industries, the third part profoundly analyses the new requirements of the industrial parks'development patterns under the new situation and puts forward the significance and approaches of cultivating new strategic industries with the combination of the new requirements.
     The fourth part includes Chapter5and Chapter6. It primarily focuses on the innovative mechanisms and patterns of China's urban industrial parks'development, which is the theoretical innovation of this article. As the starting point, this part establishes the framework of China's urban industrial parks'innovative mechanism. Then it profoundly analyses the three innovative mechanisms of our nation's urban industrial parks, namely tractive innovative mechanisms, collaborative innovative mechanism and cyclic change innovative mechanism. Meanwhile, this part proposes four main innovative patterns on the foundation of the innovative mechanism of national urban industrial parks, namely enterprise mainly operating model, government service platform model, general workshop leasing model, third-party service operating model. The innovative mechanisms and patterns lay a good theoretical foundation of achieving rapid development for our urban industrial parks.
     The fifth part conducted a case demonstration on Tianjin Dongli Huaming Industrial Park. It mainly makes an introduction on the park's developing situation, strategic planning, strategic positioning and strategic distribution. Besides, it proposes the innovative developmental patterns on the aspects of organizational system, operating model, talents protection, service platform and policy support.
     The sixth part makes a summary and an outlook of the whole text. It summaries the content of the whole essay and points out the further direction and content of the research.
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