摘要
随着电子技术的发展、数字信号处理器(DSP)的广泛应用和传感技术的突破性发展，基于DSP实现的控制技术己被许多系统所采用。本文就是对电动汽车控制系统的保护及通讯技术进行了深入的研究，本文的主要内容分为以下几个部分：
第一部分根据永磁同步电动机(PMSM)矢量控制原理及控制策略研究了以TMS320LF2407 DSP为控制核心的电动汽车用PMSM矢量控制逆变器。分析了电动汽车的整车控制策略，采用两个DSP对电动汽车进行控制；主要完成了控制系统的保护，如过流、过热保护及蓄电池欠压保护，对保护系统进行了调试；也给出了逆变器的软硬件分析。
第二部分对电动汽车的动力总成控制系统进行了深入的分析和研究。控制器局域网(CAN)是一种串行通信协议，也是为汽车中众多的控制与测试仪器之间的数据交换而开发的一种数据通讯总线，有效支持分布式控制或实时控制。电动汽车的动力总成系统的各个部分之间采用CAN总线进行数据通讯；完成了电动汽车的CAN总线通讯的硬件接口及CAN总线与DSP的硬件电路；采用DSP汇编语言和C语言对通讯系统进行软件编程及程序调试。
第三部分主要完成了TMS320LF2407 DSP与微机的串行通讯。利用Visual Basic提供的MSComm通讯控件可以简单便捷地实现应用程序的串行通讯，只需要设置和监视通讯控件的属性和事件就可。微机采用普通的计算机，利用其中的一个通讯接口，中间通过RS—232与DSP的串行接口进行数据通讯。DSP接收到微机发出的信号，通过传输线把相应的数据发送给微机，微机进行数据处理和显示，同时通过微机改变程序中的变量，发送启动、停止信号等，实现对控制系统的调试和控制。
With the development of the electrics technology, extensive application of Digital Signal Processor (DSP) and breakthrough development of sensor technology, A DSP-based control technology is adopted by many systems. This paper is devoted to studying on protection of control system in Electric Vehicle (EV), this paper is divided by some parts as follows:
On the base of the vector control principle and control strategy of PMSM, a based-TMS320LF2407 DSP full digital vector control inverter for PMSM is researched. Control policy of EV is analyzed, and two DSP is utilized to control EV, and the protection of control system, overcurrent, overtemperature and storage battery undervoltage protect circuit, is researched mainly, and the design project of hardware and software is presented. The whole control system is experimented and debugged.
The dynamical assemble control system of EV is analyzed and researched in-depth. Controller Area Network (CAN) is a serial communication protocol, and a data communication bus to exchange data for many controller and test apparatus in vehicle, and to sustain distributed control or real time control effectively. CAN bus is adopted to communicate data in each part of dynamical assemble system of EV, the design of hardware interface of CAN bus communication and hardware circuit of CAN bus & DSP for EV are done, DSP compile language and C language are adopted to complete software design of communication, and debug procedure.
Serial communication of TMS320LF2407 DSP and microcomputer is mainly done. MSComm communication control widget given by Visual Basic may achieve the serial communication of application program conveniently, simply needing to set and monitor the property and events of MSComm communication control widget. A communication interface of computer is adopted to communicate data with serial interface of DSP by RS-232. Microcomputer sends desire signal to DSP, and DSP sends corresponding data to microcomputer by transmission line, and data is deposed and showed on micro-computer, simultaneously, the
micro-computer may modify the variable of program through serial port, and send start-up and stop signal, and achieve the bugging and controlling of control system.
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