材料拉伸试验机数据采集与处理系统的开发
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摘要
目前对橡胶产品进行拉压强度检测实验一般是在拉伸试验机上进行,国产拉
    伸试验机大部分是以单片机为主的测试系统,也有部分拉伸试验机是以PC机系统
    为核心的测试系统。本文采用理论和试验相结合的方法系统地开发了一套基于PC
    计算机的材料试验机测试、控制和数据处理系统。论文首先介绍了PDL材料拉伸
    试验机的工作原理、测试及数据处理系统;接着详细介绍了由高精度光栅线位移
    传感器和压力传感器、数显装置、接口装置及控制电路等组成的新的硬件系统,
    来完成数据采集,并保证整个系统的测试精度要求。考虑到测试软件的可操作性
    和直观性,文中采用先进的测试软件--LabVIEW虚拟仪器平台开发了该系统。
    面板由显示区和设置区组成。测试结果采用动态、静态两种图形显示。本文重点
    介绍了流程图的结构、G语言编程技巧和动态连接库的应用。文中还介绍了用软
    件MATLAB实现数据分析及处理的方法,采用插值、滤波和最小二乘法进行曲线
    拟合等处理,文中信号中的噪声部分,通过滤波或平滑处理去除,信号中的“异
    点”采用比较算法将其剔除,据此,编写了去除“噪声”和“异点”的MATLAB
    程序,通过这些处理,从而克服了原来数据处理中的问题。最后,本文给出了测
    试分析结果。
At present experiment on the test the pull and press intensity test to rubber is usually curried out on the stretch experiment machine. Most of the testing systems for homemade stretch experiment machines are based on single chip and others are based on PC systems. In this paper, a system about material test machine for testing, controlling and data processing is exploited based on PC. In the beginning, the working principle, testing and data processing system of PDL micro-control material test machine is introduced; then more attention is paid to the hardware system which is composed of high precision raster linear displacement sensor, high precision force sensor, the digital displaying sets, the interface equipments and the controlling circuits etc to perform the data collection and ensure the testing precision of the whole system. In view of the testing software's visualization and operability, an advanced
    software-----LabVIEW (Laboratory Visual Instrument Engineering Workbench) is
    adopted to exploit this system. The panel is made up of display section and setting section. The measurement results can be display by means of waveform chart and XY graph. This paper is discussed with emphasis on the diagram structure, skill at the graphical programming with language G and application of dynamic link library. A method of analysis and processing the sampling data is also presented. It adopts interpolation and filter to get rid of the burrs, and Least Square method to fit the curve. The noise in the sampling signal is remved by means of fliter or smoothing. Hereby MATLAB program for taking out noise and abnormal point is compiled so that the matter on original analysis and processing is settled down successfully. In the end the test analyzed results are presented in the paper.
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