摘要
本文回顾总结了大跨度桥梁主梁涡激振动研究方法,介绍了钝体二维、三维涡脱特性,探讨了钝体主梁涡脱特性及涡激振动主要影响因素,并详细介绍了描述大跨度桥梁主梁涡激振动的一些具有代表性意义的半经验模型。本文利用风洞试验和理论分析相结合的方法,推导了大跨度桥梁主梁一维涡激振动响应及其涡激力描述方法;推导了沿跨向主梁涡激振动响应及其涡激力描述方法;并探讨了利用节段模型试验识别涡激力的方法。本文的主要研究内容有:
1.回顾总结了涡激振动研究发展历程及现状。
2.介绍了钝体二维、三维典型涡脱特征,为大跨度桥梁主梁涡激振动响应研究提供理论和试验基础。
3.探讨了大跨度桥梁主梁涡激振动响应主要影响因素。如雷诺数效应,紊流特性(紊流度和紊流尺度),气动外形(宽高比、风攻角和附加气动装置)以及Scruton数等。
4.介绍了半经验模型在描述钝体主梁一维或二维涡激振动响应中的应用,并推导了经验线性模型、Scanlan经验非线性模型和Larsen广义非线性经验模型竖向、扭转涡激振动一次近似解析解。
5.探讨了基于单自由度经验模型的涡激力识别方法。以江津观音岩长江大桥为例,通过节段模型试验识别主梁成桥态、施工态涡激力。
6.考虑主梁涡激力跨向相关性、振型等因素作用,推导基于单自由度经验模型的沿跨向主梁竖向、扭转涡激振动响应描述方法。
7.研究节段模型涡激力识别方法,在节段模型涡激力识别过程中考虑相关性效应后,识别得到更准确的涡激力。
8.设计了箱梁断面拉条模型,通过测试沿跨向主梁涡激振动响应获得涡激力相关性效应函数。
This thesis reviews the method of Vortex-Induced Vibration(VIV) research of long span bridge girder. The characteristics of two- and three- dimensional vortex shedding of bluff bodies are introduced. And the main factors are discussed which influence vortex shedding characteristics and VIV response of bluff girder. Several representative semi-empirical models, which are used to describe VIV of long span bridge girder, are introduced in detail. Based on wind tunnel test and theory analysis, the system is deduced to describe VIV response and vortex shedding force of long span bridge girder. And the methods are discussed to identify vortex shedding force in section model test. The main research contents of this thesis are shown below:
1. The review and summarize of VIV research developing course and actuality.
2. Classic vortex shedding characteristics of two- and three- dimensional bluff bodies are introduced to provide theoretical and experimental foundation on VIV response of long span bridge girder.
3. Discussion is made here to show the effect of several main influence factors of VIV response of long span bridge girder such as Reynolds number effect, turbulent characteristics( turbulence intensity and turbulence scale), aerodynamic shape(ratio of width and height, wind attack angle and affixation aerodynamic device), Scruton number and so on.
4. The semi-empirical models are introduced to describe one- and two-dimensional VIV response of bluff girder. And the first order approximate theoretical solution is deduced to describe the vertical and torsional VIV response based on empirical linear model, Scanlan's nonlinear model and Larsen's general model.
5. The methods are discussed to identify Vortex shedding force of single degree of freedom models. I.e. Taking Jiang Jin Guan Yinyan Yangtse river bridge as an example, the vortex shedding force of girder at full bridge state and erection state is identified by section model test.
6. Considering influence of spanwise vortex shedding force correlation and model shape, the system is deduced to describe spanwise vertical and torsional VIV response of girder by using single degree of freedom models.
7. The method is researched to identify vortex shedding force by section model test. The more accurate vortex shedding force can be obtained after considering the spanwise vortex shedding force correlation in section model tet.
8. A taut strip model of box girder is designed to test spanwise VIV response, and get the vortex induced force correlation effect function.
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