摘要
本文研究了一种新式的飞航导弹制导方式:飞航导弹的编队飞行。由此,阐述了近地空间导弹群的概念。论文选取高超声速飞航导弹为被控对象,以多弹编队为目标,进行了导弹群平飞段的弹道和编队飞行的运动学建模。分别针对数学模型实现了制导律的设计。本文的主要研究的内容如下:
首先,定义了分析中用到的坐标系。根据运动学分析与推导,得到主弹在地面发射坐标系下的运动模型。导弹采用倾斜转弯(BTT Bank-to-Turn)控制技术。建模过程中除考虑了重力、气动力和推力外,还加入了地球自转的影响。对于长时和远程飞行的飞航导弹,地球自转对弹道的影响在精确建模过程中是不容忽视的。
然后,建立了平飞段的导弹编队动力学模型。考虑到实际飞行过程中各种不确定因素的影响,使用传统制导方法在严格保持相对位置关系时,必然会造成系统振荡。针对这一情况,本文提出了一种双环的制导策略。
在此基础上,分别对弹道和编队设计的制导律进行了仿真与验证。仿真结果表明,弹道与编队的制导效果较为理想,同时也说明了导弹编队飞行的可行性。
最后,对编队飞行这种新技术的使用价值和前景进行了分析与总结,并设想了其可能的发展方向。
In this article, a new way of cruise missile guidance: the formation flight of the cruise missiles is investigated. The hypersonic cruise missiles are selected as the control object to achieve multi-missile formation flight, the dynamic models of the ballistic trajectory and the formation flight during level flight are bulit. Afterwards the guidance and control method is designed according to the model. What has mainly investigated in this paper are present as follows:
First, the coordinates that used in the analysis are defined. According to the analysis and derivation, the dynamic model of the Leader Missile in Launch coordinate is built. The missiles use Bank-to-Turn maneuver method. The dynamic model includes not only the gravity, the aerodynamic forces and the thrust, but also the influence of the earth rotation. The earth rotation effect cannot be neglected in the accurately modeling process of the cruise missiles with long time and distance flight.
Then, the dynamic model of the formation flight was built. Considering that the influence of the various kinds of uncertainty factors during practical flight, the traditional control methods will cause inevitably the control system oscillation when keep accurate relative position. According to this situation, the article presented a control strategy called Double Boundary Loop strategy.
Based on these, the numerical simulation of the guidance and control of the ballistic trajectory and the formation flight during level flight are carried out. The simulation results proved that the guidance metheds have a satisfactory effectiveness, meanwhile, it also showed the feasibility of the multi-missile formation flight.
At last, the article summarized and analyzed the value and prospects of the new technology of the multi-missile formation flight, and prospected its possibly development direction as the major task of the future work.
引文
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