大学生村官工作适应与心理健康研究
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摘要
本研究旨在考察大学生村官工作适应和心理健康的现状、特点及关系,并在此基础上,提出相应的对策与建议以促进大学生村官工作适应和心理健康。首先,以江苏、山东、四川、陕西、北京等省市的大学生村官为研究对象,通过问卷调查的方法,从大学生村官的基本情况、择业动机、职业现实情况、职业环境、职业展望五个方面出发,分析了大学生村官工作现状的特点及存在的问题;其次,以成人心理弹性量表、主观幸福感问卷和心理症状量表为研究工具,调查了大学生村官心理卫生现状,并与不同职业的成人样本进行比较,考察大学生村官心理卫生现状的变化趋势;最后,以工作适应问卷、成人心理弹性量表、主观幸福感问卷和心理症状量表为研究工具,探讨大学生村官工作适应现状及其与心理健康之间的关系。研究表明:
     (1)大学生村官存在角色身份混乱、择业动机不纯、工作环境艰苦以及职业前途渺茫等问题,这些问题在一定程度上制约了村官的职业发展和个人发展。
     (2)大学生村官的心理卫生水平偏低。与不同职业的成人样本相比,大学生村官心理弹性总分和各维度得分、主观幸福感总分和各维度得分显著降低;而心理症状总分和各维度得分则显著增加。
     (3)大学生村官心理症状对工作适应有显著的预测力,其主要的预测变量是失能混乱和躯体反应两项。心理弹性、积极情感体验在心理症状与工作适应之间起调节作用,心理弹性、积极情感体验会减弱心理症状对工作适应的负向作用。
The present research made an attempt to analyze the current situation, features and therelationship of college-graduate village officials’ work adjustment and mental health togive the relevant recommendations.Part one analyzed the features and flaws of careerdevelopment of village officials from the five aspects of preparation for the office, careeroption, the current situation of career, circumstance of the development and the careerprospects. Part two mainly talked about the present situation of mental health. Part threechiefly explored the relationship between college-graduate village officials’ workadjustment and mental health. The results indicate that:
     (1) Utilitarian motivation, poor career environment and uncertainty careerdevelopment prospect all had affected college-graduate village officials’ careerdevelopment.
     (2) The mental health condition of college-graduate village officials is not optimistic.Compared with adult group of other occupations, resilience scores were significantly lower,so were the life satisfaction and positive emotionality scores, while the negativeemotionality scores were significantly higher. All scores of SCL-90were significantlyhigher than that of adult group.
     (3) College-graduate village officials' mental health had negative effect on workadjustment. Resilience, positive emotion experience effected the relationship betweencollege-graduate village officials' mental health and work adjustment as moderator.
引文
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