摘要
城市生活垃圾处理是一个全世界都必须面对的问题,尤其是在中国这样一个人口大国。伴随着我国经济和社会的进一步发展,城市化进程的加快和城市人口的迅速增加,城市生活垃圾总量迅速增长,原来粗放的垃圾处理方式已不能满足当今城市环境现代化建设的需要,因此,寻找一种更为有效的、具有可持续性的垃圾处理方式,已经成为政府的当务之急。
垃圾焚烧发电项目属城市公用基础设施项目,而公用基础设施项目普遍具有投资大、运营管理水平差,效率低下等问题。垃圾焚烧发电虽然在垃圾的处理方式上有了进步,但如果仍然沿用原来的建设、运营和管理模式,将难以保证项目成功运作。因此,要从根本上解决问题,必须改变原来的建设管理模式。实践证明,BOT模式是解决这一问题的有效途径。
苍南垃圾焚烧发电项目是苍南县政府近期拟上马的公共基础设施项目,前期已做了一些可行性研究工作,准备采用国际上通用的BOT建设方式。本文按照一般BOT项目的运作特点,首先对项目进行了总体规划,然后对项目运作的组织结构和合同结构进行了初步设计。在此基础上,提出了苍南垃圾焚烧发电BOT项目的运作程序,并对项目可能遇到的风险和可能采取的措施进行了较详细的分析。
本文对苍南垃圾焚烧发电BOT项目做了较全面的初步可行性研究,提出了以内资和国有法人资金为主参与BOT项目和关键设备采用引进技术国内制造的思路,期望能为即将实施的苍南垃圾焚烧发电项目的建设起到一定参考作用。
The disposal of city domestic refuse is a problem the whole world must face, especially in China with large population. The total amount of city domestic refuse has increased rapidly with the further development of national economy and society, and a long with the acceleration of civilization and the increase of city population. However, the formerly adopted rough manner of refuse disposal has not kept pace with the requirement of today's city construction of environment modernization. Therefore, it is an exigent task for government to find a more effective and sustainable manner of refuse disposal.
The refuse incineration power plant is a kind of city infrastructure, the common features of which are large amount of investment, low level of operation and management, and low efficiency in economy. Nowadays, the refuse incineration power generation shows its advance in the manner of refuse disposal. If the former mode of construction, operation and management is still adopted, the successful operation of this project cannot be guaranteed In order to solve the problem completely, the former mode of construction and management must be changed. It has been proved in practice that BOT mode is an effective way to solve this problem.
Cangnan refuse incinerating power generation Project is an infrastructure to be constructed by the government in the very near future. Some feasibility studies have been conducted in the earlier stages, and the internationally common mode of BOT is to be adopted. According to the operating features of common BOT projects, this paper first makes a general planning for this project, and contract structure for this project. Finally, the paper puts forward the operating sequence for Cangnan refuse incinerating power generation project, and the possibly-taken measures to prevent the risks.
This paper makes a general study on the initial feasibility for Cangnan refuse incinerating power generation project, and puts forward the idea that domestic and state owned corporate fund participate into this project. Meanwhile, this paper also proposes an approach of manufacturing the key equipment based on the imported technology. It is expected that this article could be a reference to the construction of Cangnan refuse incinerating power generation project to be implemented soon.
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