摘要
随着人们环保意识的增强,天然降解材料的开发和研究逐渐受到重视。聚乳酸纤维(PLA纤维)就是一种性能较好的可生物降解的纤维,它是采用玉米等自然资源为原料制取的纤维,从原料到废物完全可以再生利用。PLA纤维原材料极其丰富,又具有完全自然、循环型和能生物分解的特点,已被众多专家推荐为“21世纪的环境友好循环材料”,是一种极具发展潜力的生态型纤维。
由于聚乳酸纤维有许多突出优异的性能,如优异的吸湿性(芯吸效应)、良好的机械性能、较低的可燃性、生产能耗低、可降解性、良好的手感以及良好的生物相容性等等,给纺织工业开发新产品带来了新的发展机遇。
本课题首先对聚乳酸纤维的生产技术、纤维的结构与性能进行了详细的综述。在此基础上,对五种不同混纺比的聚乳酸/棉针织物的基本性能(拉伸性能、撕破性能、顶破性能、耐磨性能和悬垂性能)进行了测试与分析,并借助FAST织物风格仪测试织物的抗弯性能和剪切性能。
课题的重点是评价五种聚乳酸/棉针织物的悬垂性能,从研究评价体系、选取评价指标到利用图像处理技术和Matlab实现指标的数字化,选取的26个悬垂性能描绘指标都被转化成了可以分析的实测值。然后利用因子分析法从26个指标中提取出3个可以综合反映所有描绘指标信息量的主因子,计算出五种织物的悬垂性能总分。
随着人们生活需求的提高,以及产品生产成本的进一步下降,聚乳酸织物这种天然生物降解产品必将有更多的新产品被开发,而随着针织物的外用化发展和国外服饰文化的影响,针织服装将日益流行,聚乳酸针织物有着广阔的发展前景。
With the improvement of environment-protecting consciousness, people take more attention to the development and study of natural biodegradable materials. PLA fiber, which is made from natural resources like corn-starch, and can be regenerated from beginning to the end during the whole production process, is one of the most popular biodegradable materials. This fiber has been regarded as "Environment-Friendly material of the 21st century" because of its abundant raw-material and unique properties.
PLA fiber material has many excellent properties, such as excellent wickability, good mechanical properties, low flammability, low energy loss, good degradability, good mildew resistance, excellent UV resistance and so on, which provides a new chance for the development of textile industry.
In this paper, the production, the structure and properties of PLA fiber were presented firstly. On the basis of the introduction above, we tested and analyzed the fundamental properties of knitted fabric with different blending ratio, such as tensile property, abrasion property and drape property that is studied in traditional way, also tested their bending property and tearing property through FAST tester.
The paper focuses on evaluating drape properties of five different PLA/Cotton knitted fabrics. Transfer the describing indexes that were selected to describe drape to data that can be analyzed through digital image processing and Matlab. Then utilize the factor analysis method to abstract 3 main factors which can reflect most of the information of 26 indexes from all of the describing factors, and calculated drape scores of five different PLA/Cotton knitted fabrics. Finally explained the testing result depend on bending property and tearing property.
With the improvement of the living demand and the decrease of the production cost, people will do further study concerning to the PLA products. Due to the influence of foreign fashion culture, knitted fabric has become more popular. Therefore, PLA knitted fabric will have a rosy future.
引文
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