摘要
本试验以随机选择相同饲养条件下的146头18~20月龄秦川牛阉牛为研究对象,采用PCR-SSCP结合测序技术对秦川牛H-FABP基因、A-FABP基因和E-FABP基因部分区段的遗传变异进行检测,运用SPSS统计程序中的GLM模型分析了其中88头牛与部分肉用性能指标的关系,旨在探索H-FABP基因、A-FABP基因和E-FABP基因对秦川牛部分肉用性状的影响,以期加快秦川肉牛的选育进程。研究结果如下:
1、秦川牛H-FABP基因多态性及其与肉用性状之间的关联分析
对秦川牛H-FABP基因全部4个外显子进行了SNPs检测,结果只在秦川牛H-FABP基因第1外显子130 bp处检测到了SNP位点Y=T→C。对该SNP基因座具有不同基因型的个体进行肉用性状指标进行GLM分析,表明AB型个体的后腿围、背膘厚、大理石花纹等性状极显著高于AA型个体(P<0.01),AB型个体的胴体胸深和嫩度显著高于AA型个体(P<0.05),AB型个体的背膘厚极显著高于BB型个体(P<0.01);另外BB型个体的后腿围、大理石花纹等性状极显著高于AA型个体(P<0.01)。说明,秦川牛H-FABP基因第1外显子上存在SNP位点且与肉用性状有较强的关联性,揭示H-FABP基因可作为秦川牛部分肉用性状的候选基因。
2、秦川牛A-FABP基因多态性及其与肉用性状之间的关联分析
检测了秦川牛A-FABP基因的第Ⅰ内含子和第2、3、4外显子的多态性,结果分别在第Ⅰ内含子和第4外显子上检测到了SNPs位点,在A-FABP基因2736 bp处(第Ⅰ内含子)发生了Y=A→T的突变,4272 bp处(第4外显子)发生了Y=A→G的突变。第Ⅰ内含子共检测到了AA、AB和BB 3种基因型,分析表明,AB型个体和BB型个体的背膘厚分别显著(P<0.05)和极显著(P<0.01)高于AA型个体;BB型个体大理石花纹、嫩度和系水力均显著高于AA型个体(P<0.05),表明该SNP位点B等位基因为优势等位基因,与背膘厚、大理石花纹、嫩度和系水力等肉用性状有较高关联度。在第4外显子也检测到了基因型AA、AB和BB 3种基因型。分析表明,AA型个体的背膘厚和大理石花纹都显著(P<0.05)高于BB型个体;AA型个体的嫩度极显著高于BB型个体(P<0.01),表明该SNP位点中A等位基因具有提高背膘厚、大理石花纹和嫩度的遗传效应。从以上研究分析可以看出,在秦川牛A-FABP基因中存在可检测到的SNP位点,且与背膘厚、大理石花纹、嫩度和系水力等肉用性状间存在显著关联,提示A-FABP基因很可能是影响秦川牛部分肉用性状的主效基因或与其主效基因紧密连锁。
3、秦川牛E-FABP基因多态性及其与肉用性状之间的关联分析
检测了秦川牛E-FABP基因全部4外显子的遗传变异情况。结果在E-PABP基因2295 bp处(第4外显子)发生了Y=C→T的突变。经SSCP分析共检测到了AA和AB 2种基因型,未发现BB基因型。其中等位基因A和B的频率分别为0.94和0.06,多态信息含量为0.11,属于低度多态。分析表明,AA和AB基因型各肉用性状间无显著性差异。
146 18~20 month-old Qinchuan steers under similar feeding condition were selected randomly and partial section hereditary variation of H-FABP、A-FABP and E-FABP genes were analyzed by PCR-SSCP. The associations between SNPs locus and some meat traits was analyzed using the general linear model (GLM) in SPSS program. The aim was to explore association of the H-FABP, A-FABP and E-FABP variations with some meat traits of Qinchuan population, with a view to accelerating the process of Qinchuan steers breeding. The results were as follows:
1、Study on polymorphism of H-FABP gene and its association with some meat traits in Qinchuan steers.
The polymorphism in all of 4 extron in H-FABP gene were detected .The results showed that there was a mutation(Y=T→C)at 130 th bp of H-FABP gene extron 1 in Qinchuan steers. Different genotypes of SNP locus was grouped, its relationship with meat traits of Qinchuan steers was analyzed using the general linear model. The crural girth, back- fat thickness, marbling of AB genotype were significantly different from that of AA genotype (P<0.01). The significant diference was found between the genotypes of AB and AA for carcass depth and tenderness (P<0.05). There was a difference between the genotypes of AB and BB for back-fat thickness (P<0.01),as well as between the genotypes of AA and BB for crural girth and marbling (P<0.01). SNP locus of H-FABP gene extron 1th in Qinchuan steers associated strongly with some meat traits, it indicated that H-FABP gene may be a candidate gene for the some meat traits of Qinchuan steers.
2、Study on polymorphism of A-FABP gene and its association with some meat traits in Qinchuan steers.
Detected the polymorphism in intron 1th, extron 2th, extron 3th and extron 4th in H-FABP gene, The results showed that there were two mutations(Y=A→T)at 2736 th bp in intron 1 and (Y=A→G)at 4272 th bp in extron 4 of H-FABP gene in Qinchuan steers. Detected there genetypes in extron 1th, Analysis of Variance showed that the back- fat thickness of AB genotype and BB genetype were respectively significantly different from that of AA genotype (P<0.01 and P<0.05). The significant diference was found between the genotypes of BB and AA for marbling, tenderness and water holding capacity (P<0.05). It indicated that B allele was favorable allele in this SNPs locus and were high associated strongly with some meat traits, such as, back- fat thickness, marbling, tenderness and water holding capacity. The genotype AA, AB and BB genotype were detected in extron 4th. Statistical analysis showed that AA-type individual backfat thickness and marbling were significantly(P<0.05) higher than the BB-type individual; AA-type individual tenderness was significantly higher than that of individual BB (P<0.01), indicating the SNPs - point of the A allele is improving backfat thickness, marbling and tenderness of the genetic effect. From the above analysis, in Qinchuan steers A-FABP gene can be detected in the presence of SNP locus, and with the backfat thickness, marbling, tenderness and hydraulic system, such as meat traits were significantly associated. The A-FABP gene may be the major gene associated with some meat traits or closely linked with major gene, so it can be used as Qinchuan steers some meat traits of the candidate gene in Qinchuan steers.
3、Study on polymorphism of E-FABP gene and its association with some meat traits in Qinchuan steers.
The E-FABP gene extron 4th in the Qinchuan steers of all the genetic variation were detected. There was a mutation (Y = C→T) at 2295 th bp in extron 4th of the E-PABP gene. AA and AB two genotypes were detected but BB genotypes were not detected through SSCP analysis. A and B alleles of the frequencies were 0.94 and 0.06, polymorphic information content of 0.11, a low of polymorphism. Analysis of variance showed that there is no significant difference between the genotype AA and AB meat traits.
引文
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