摘要
断乳后短期内采食量低下和消化吸收能力差给早期断乳仔猪造成了严重的营养
应激。营养应激是仔猪早期断乳应激的主要组成部分，也是仔猪早期断乳后生产性
能下降的首要原因。本课题针对早期断乳仔猪脾胃虚弱的生理特点，应用具有开胃、
健脾、补肾、抗茵等作用的中药复方制剂止痢神散来预防仔猪早期断乳应激综合症，
取得了预期效果。
临床试验采用7日龄开始补料、28日龄断奶的大长仔猪共13窝，随机分为试验
组（6窝共59头，从断乳前3天至断乳后2周内在断乳日粮中添加 1．5％的止痢神散）
和对照组（7窝共66头，饲料中不加止痢神散，其它成分与试验组相同）。断奶时从
每窝仔猪中选2头（所选的全部仔猪断奶时体重相近）在28日龄、35日龄和42日
龄累计采血三次测定部分生理生化指标。在断奶后2 周内，观察止痢神散对腹泻和
生长迟缓的预防效果。从腹泻仔猪分离大肠杆茵，用于止痢神散及其各单味药提取
液的体外抑茵试验。
仔猪在断奶后两周的生产性能为：（l）试验组和对照组的腹泻率分别为37．3%和
69．7%（p＜0．05）；腹泻频率分别为 6．5%和 9．6%（P＜0．05）；腹泻指数分别为 7．25和 11．03。
（2）试验组和对照组在断乳后第1周内和第2周内及断奶后累计2周内的日增重分
别为0．069kg和0．034kg（P＜0．05）、0．170kg和0．139kg(p＞0.05）、0．120kg和
0．08kg（p＜0．05）；日采食量分别为157g和125（p＜0．05）、 288g和214g（p＜0．05）、223g
和170g（p＜0．05）；料重比分别为2．28和3．68、1．69和1．54、1．86和1．96。结果表明止
痢神散可缓解早期断乳应激综合症对仔猪生产住能造成的不利影响。
血液指标的测定结果为：（1）试验组断奶后2周内血清蛋白成分无显著变化；
对照组35日龄时总蛋白、球蛋白水平极显著地下（p＜0．01），白蛋白水平显著下降
（P＜0．05），白蛋白／球蛋白比值升高，到 42日龄时总蛋白和球蛋白水平有所回升，
白蛋白水平还继缕下降。试验组35日龄时的总蛋白水平和白蛋白水平分别极显著
Thesis of master’s degree
＃
Mt＃Mf＆Xi edM＄：looromixHmraP－－mweN
（p叼．of）和显著（r力．OS）地高于对照组；42日龄时的白蛋白水平极显著地高于对
照组b叨．of）。（二）七u险组白细胞总数及分类计数在断乳后2周内无显著变化。对照
组白细胞总数、淋巴细胞比例在断奶后2周内无显著变化，但嗜中性白细胞比例在35
－日龄时显著升高（少o．05人在42 B ＃时仍处于较高水平。试验组和对照组嗜中性白
细胞／淋巴细胞比值在35日龄时均升高，但对照组的升高幅度更大；到42日龄时
均有所恢复。（3）35日龄时试验组和对照组血清尿素氮水平均升高，到42日龄时对
照组血清尿素氮水平稍下降，而试验组己降到低于断奶时的水平．（4）35日龄时试
验组血清总胆固醇水平下降，42 日龄时仍继续下降到显著低于断奶时的水平
（p＜0．05）；对照组35日龄时血中的总胆固寡水平极显著地低于听奶时水平如刃．of），
42日龄时还继续下降。（5）35日龄时试验组血清天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶恤盯冰平
升高，到42日龄时基本恢复到断奶时的水平；对照组35日龄时的AST水平极显著
地高于断奶时的水平po．of），到42日龄时基本恢复到断奶时的水平。（6）试验组
血清肌酸辙酮CKrt平在断奶后二周内无明显变化；对照组血清CK水平在35日龄
时稍升高，到 42日龄时则明显升高，但差异不显著。（7）试验组的血清 Znr水平在
35日龄时显著升高O功．05），对照组升高不明显，并且试验组的血清Znr水平处于最
佳范围内。（吕）试验组所测仔猪35日龄时的血清皮质醇水平与断奶时相比无明显变
化规律；对照组35日龄时的血清 醇水平明显低于断奶时的水平，但差异不显著；
试验组和对照组的血清皮质醇平均水平在断奶时无显著差异，但在35日龄时，试验
组的血清皮质醇平均水平显著高于对照组b功．05）。总的看来，试验组的血液生理生
化指标在断奶后二周内的变化幅度小于对照组，表明止痢神散可缓解早期断乳应激
对一些血菠生理生化指标的不利影响；血清皮质醇水平并不能有效地反映早期断奶
仔猪断奶后1周时的应激反应程度。
体外抑茵 表明止痢神散
Early-weaned piglets suffer severe nutritional stress bue to poor feed intake
and poor ability of digestion and absorption in the first several days post weaning
Nutritional triss is the major component that causes early-weaned stress (EWS) in piglet
and it is also the primary reason leading to the becreased performance of piglet after
weaning. This study was designed to alleviate piglet's EWS with a traditionald chinese
medichal compound Zhilishen which had functions of invigoration stomach,spleen and
kidney and suppressing the growth of pathogens, etc.
In a clilical experiment, crossbred piglets were randoml assigned into the treatment
sroup (59 piglets from 6 litters) or the control group (66 piglets from 7 litters). Zhilishen
was added into the dietary at the dose of l .5% of feed weight from 3 days before weaning to
2 weeks post weaning in treatment group. All piglets with access to creep feed from 7 days
of age were weaned at 28 days of age. Two piglets from each litter (all piglets chosen had
similar body weight at weaning were repeatedly blood sampled at weaning (day 0).1-wk
post weaning (day 7) and 2-wk post weaning (day l4) for measuring some phyiology and
biochemistry indices including total white blood cells (WBC), lymphocytes (W-SCR) and
neutrophils (W-LCR), ratio of neutrophil to lymphocyte (N/L),total protein (TP), albumin
(ALB), globulin (GLOB), ratio of albumin to globulin (A/G),blood urea nitrogen (BUN),
cholesterin (CH) creatine kinase (CK), aspartate transaminase (AST). Zn~(2+),cortisol. The
performance of piglets within 2 weeks post weaning were recorded
The performance of piglets within 2 weeks post weaning were: (1)The incidence,
frequency and scores of diarrhea in treatment group and in cotrol group were 37.3% and
69.7% （p＜0．05）,6.5% and 9.6% (P<0.05),7.25 and 11 .03,respectively.(2)average daily gain
(ADG) Of the treatment group and the control group in the 1-st week the 2-nd week and the
Thesis of master's degree
ds two weets poSt wi m eq nd 34g pe.0s). l70g nd l39g pe.0s). l20g
and 86g oo.0l)wt. ~ avmp ~ bo ds (ADFI wer l57g and
lasg (P<0.05), 288g nd 2l4g oo.0s). 2ng nd l70g oo.05-- at offed
to gajn wer 2.28 aDd 3.68. l .69 and l .54. l .86 and l .wiThase rech be
tha the coul -- allfor the wi ds Of EWs an the --
ofpiglet.
be ed orbo ~ mf(l)In bo po, wi wh the ds bo
(on day 0), ds Ofsennn TP and GLO were lower on day 7 op.05) --
serum us bo anu Mi at ed on ~ 7 pe.oo) nd bo ha
edd tO recowr tO the ds leVe ou day l4'lh twof grOUP, ds c~ to the
inhal lev4 cbo Of m TP ALB. GLO ail bo tw (for Th
and GLO, po.0l and for ALB. P<0.05pewi on day 7 wforas AlG haO
bo on day 7 nd bo ds bo to m exop that sennn ALB
cOncentIatirm M to for on day l4 to a leVe vny s-- foWer to<0.01)
than the ds ha cwt with the COnwt serurn Th -- m high on
day 7 (P<0.0l) and an ~ l4 (P>0.0s) the serum ALB ds m higher on day
7 pe.05) nd tw l4 pe.0l) in be po.(2w bo sbo on day 7
ana excecod owr the ds bo on ~ l4 in the po bo it bo
obvious on ~ 7 op.0s) nd w ed bo the ds bo on ~ l4 in for po.
There wer no pe - in W-SCR all WMR th bo - gh weanjn
in thebo pe. wSCR bo co day 7 arId ed to the ds bo ou ~ l4
but W-LCR bed s-- on day 7 oo.05) and wn still in bo leve on tw l4
(P<0.05) in for po' he N& ds in bo pos bo on tw 7 nd ed to
recover ou day l4.(3)lh bo srw rm are ds ds to bo on day
7 and to are on day l4he the Won m wi.bo CH
bo Of --'s -
c-- bo COnW in both grOUPS -- the -- ~ but it
was vere sied~ bo oo'0lpe on day 7 all day l4 than the ed leve in
ced has tw -- of CH on day l4 we fow oo.05) bo the ds
levat in the mp. (5) Serum asT activity bo slighfy on day 7 (P>0.0s) and
boH on day l4 to a bo that was bo oo'0s) bo tbc bo an tw 7 in are
grop, Ih wtul grmp, m AST activity bo vny s-- (P<0'0l) on day 7
and thelined an day l4 to a levof that was tw fow oo'05) than the levd co day
7.(6)Serum CK activity had no rnarbo tw within 2 wde POst weaning in treco
grOUP. In COntrD grOop, serum CK ~ ed bo on day 7 and od
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