摘要
为了开发二氧化钛粉体的低成本负载技术,解决二氧化钛对低浓度有机物光催化降解性能差的问题,本研究以商品二氧化钛粉体和矿物吸附剂粉体等为填料,应用改进的造纸技术制备了二氧化钛-吸附剂复合纸板;系统地考察了助留剂种类及其用量、电荷量比、纸浆种类和用量、吸附剂种类、纸板定量等因素对填料留着率的影响,探究出留着率大于90%的高填料含量复合纸板的制备条件。分别测定了二氧化钛-吸附剂复合纸板对低浓度亚甲基兰和直接大红染料溶液的光催化降解性能,考察了吸附剂种类、二氧化钛与矿物吸附剂的质量比、染料浓度、纸板面积等对光催化降解性能的影响,结果表明二氧化钛-吸附剂复合纸板对低浓度亚甲基兰和直接大红染料溶液具有较高的光催化降解性能,且易与溶液分离、可重复使用。最后,设计和制作了挥发性有机物光催化降解测定装置,测定了二氧化钛-吸附剂复合纸板对甲醛、甲苯气体等的光催化降解性能,考察了影响光催化性能的因素。
Adsorbents have usually been applied for the removal of environmental pollutants,and there have been many studies on TiO_2 photocatalysis for the removal of toxic materials from the environment.However,they have serious disadvantages,such as a pressure loss in the reaction tower,and difficulties in repacking them.It has been desired,therefore,to overcome these drawbacks.The composite sheets of titanium dioxide(TiO_2)and adsorbents were prepared by a papermaking technique.Firstly,the optimum conditions were investigated in order to require higher retention of stock components.The retention of sheetmaking stuffs was investigated in the system,such as the variety of flocculants, paper pulps,minerals and charge density ratio,they are more effective in the retention of inorganic materials.
Secondarily,the composite sheets with photocatalytic property were investigated by the decoposing methylene blue dye in an aqueous solution under UV lights.The synergistic effect of the adsorptive capacity and photocatalytic decomposition by the composite TiO_2-diaomite sheets were expected to provide a solution to the above problem.In the present work,The efficiency of methylene blue dye degradation by the composite TiO_2-diatomite sheets was investigated for various ratios of TiO_2 to diatomite through the quantitative determination in the composite sheets.It was found that the composite TiO_2-dioatomite composite sheets could be utilized semi-permanently and was easier to handle than the original TiO_2 powders in aqueous media.Consequently,a composite TiO_2-diatomite sheet can be utilized as a high functional material to photodegradate organic pollution.The products and intermediates in the photocatalytic oxidation of formaldehyde and toluene were detected in the photoreactor.The experiments showed that compsite sheets exhibited an applicable photoactivity with the photochemical conversion efficiency in the degradation of formaldehyde and toluene.
引文
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