摘要
面子作为一种复杂的社会心理现象,其重要性受到了广泛关注,因为它对跨文化交际的成败起着举足轻重的作用。中西面子文化的不同使面子在内涵、价值观上存在着较大的差异,由这种差别所导致的语用策略的应用方式和应用原则也大相径庭。中国文化强调个人服从于自己所在的社团或社会,中国人重集体主义,以贬抑自己来突出他人或群体。人们以群体为中心,强调个人在群体中的适当地位和适当生活方式。受这种思想的影响,普遍认为中国文化是以“积极面子”为特征,或者我们可以说中国文化侧重于“关联”的礼貌面子策略。而美国文化较重视“自由”和“个人主义”。受这种观念的影响,美国文化则偏重于“独立”的礼貌面子策略,侧重“消极面子”。本文旨在探讨中西面子文化差异及其语用策略,有助于人们在跨文化交际中避免语用失误,提高交际者的跨文化交际能力。
As a complex social psychological phenomenon, the importance of face receives widespread attention, because it plays a decisive role for the success of cross-cultural communication. The differences between Chinese and Western Face Culture lead to the widely divergence of pragmatic strategies. The Chinese people appreciate collectivism, and emphasize proper ways of life and status that everybody has in community. So the Chinese face culture features as“positive face”, or we can say Chinese culture respects relatively“involvement”face strategy. Comparatively speaking, American people pay much attention to“freedom”and“individualism”. Influeced by this concept, they focus on“negative face”, thus they are inclined to use“independence”face strategy. This thesis mainly discusses the differences between Chinese and Western face culture, and their respective pragmatic strategies, which could help people avoid pragmatic errors in the process of cross-culture communication, then improve communicator’s communicative competence.
引文
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