摘要
中国的制鞋业正面临着挑战，传统的作坊式生产已经不能满足经济发展的需要，因此必须对现行的制鞋工艺进行全面的自动化改造。鞋楦在制鞋工艺中至关重要，鞋楦设计和加工的好坏直接关系到成品鞋的质量。所以将CAD技术引入到鞋楦的设计制造中是改造传统的制鞋业，使其向信息化方向发展的关键，也是未来发展的方向。我国在这一领域发展相对滞后，所以对它进行研究是非常必要的，具有重要的理论意义和实用价值。
本论文受国家攻关项目资助，目标是在对鞋楦CAD技术进行深入研究的基础上，开发出一个实用的、稳定的鞋楦CAD软件，使其能在实际的应用中与鞋楦测量仪、数控刻楦机一起完成鞋楦测量、设计和制造，从而增强产品的竞争力。
论文首先分析了在制鞋业中发展CAD技术的意义，研究了该技术的国内外的发展现状。然后从一般的建摸技术出发，经过分析和比较，提出了描述鞋楦三维轮廓表面的离散造型方法，完成了鞋楦在数学上的几何描述，作为鞋楦CAD和CAM的基础。另外，讨论了在只有鞋楦的表面数据的情况下，鞋号、围度以及基本宽度等鞋楦重要参数的计算方法。
为实现对楦面的局部修改，本文通过对一般物体变形技术的分析研究，指出这些方法应用到鞋楦的局部修改时存在的问题和不足。然后针对鞋楦异形曲面的特征，作者提出了根据曲面上网格线斜率的变化来决定变形的强度的自适应算法。为了实现鞋楦的扩缩功能，首先研究了鞋楦底部轮廓的识别算法，然后根据鞋楦设计规范，分别对鞋楦进行长度缩放和围度缩放，进而实现整体缩放。
论文介绍了作者在以上这些算法的基础上开发的鞋楦CAD系统软件。该软件以鞋楦CAD数据库为核心，分别实现了鞋楦CAD的主要功能。该软件是在Visual C++6.0的开发环境下开发的，同时，在开发中引入了OpenGL技术加强显示功能。整个软件实现了与鞋楦CAM部分的连接。通过运行测试，完全达到了设计指标要求，可以进行实际的应用。
China shoemaking industry is facing with a serious crisis.The traditonal manual production in workshop has not met economic development needs so that the present shoemaking procedure must be reform with advanced automatization technology.The last is extremely important in the shomaking technics since the design and maching quality of last affects the quality of shoes directly.So using CAD technology in the design and manufacture of last is the key and an inevitable trend of traditional last-making industry development.However, China's action is relatively slow in this field .So ,making research on this subject is very necessary and is of theoretic significance and practical value.
This thesis is supported by national key project aimed at developing a practical shoe last CAD system which can combinate with the measuring devices and last-making machine to complete measuring,design and manufacture as to make products competitive on the basis of research results on shoe last CAD technology.
At first this thesis analyzes the importance of developing CAD technology in shoemaking industry and introduces on the domestic and foreign technology's development status. According to analysis of general modeling technologies, this author put forward a discrete modeling method and gives strict definition, description and demonstration from mathematical point of view, which is the basis of last CAD technology. Moreove,on the condition that only surface data of shoe last is available, calculating methods of shoe size, girth and basic width are given.
In order to realize the local deformation of last surface, The author developed a slop-based adaptive deformation(SAD) algorithm by analyzing deformation technologies of general object which decides the deformation intensity according to change of slope of grid curve on last surface. The outline of bottom of last is recognized in order to realize scaling of last. Then according to last design principle, methods about length scaling and girth scaling of last are given.
On the basis of above algorithms, this paper gives the shoe last CAD system software developed by author. The software realized the main functions of shoe last CAD and established a database of shoe last. The main part of software is developed by Visual C++6.0 and OpenGL codes are embedded for getting the realistic display of shoe last. By integrating CAD and CAM software into one system and running test ,the results are satisfactory and may be applied to practical design and production of shoe last.
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