摘要
随着电能质量问题越来越受到人们的普遍关注,如何为电力系统用户提供安全可靠的“绿色电源”成为目前电源领域的研究热点。串并联补偿式UPS正是近年来适应这种发展潮流,兴起的一种新型UPS系统。与传统的双变换UPS相比,串并联补偿式UPS在系统结构和电能变换上都引入了全新的概念,它既可以补偿非线性负载时的无功电流及谐波电流,同时实现了对电源电压的谐波及基波偏差的补偿,具有输入功率因数高、输出能力强、以及综合的电能质量调节能力等优点。
本文主要内容是对基于DSP的串并联补偿式UPS系统的研究。论文首先基于目前电能状况及UPS的发展和分类,阐述了对串并联补偿式UPS系统进行研究的意义;继而介绍了串并联补偿式UPS的系统结构和工作原理,并在此基础上对串并联补偿式UPS的控制策略进行分析和设计;研究了单相电路中各种电流分量的检测方法,设计了适用于数字实现的基于平均值滤波器的单相电路电流基波有功分量检测方法;然后对实验样机的硬件电路及软件实现进行详细的设计;最后在仿真研究的基础上,制作了实验样机,并通过一系列实验,验证了本文应用于串并联补偿式UPS的控制方案和各种具体控制方法的有效性及合理性。
Nowadays, with the development and prosperity of electronic engineering and industry, more and more attention has been drawn to quality issues of power source. Therefore, it has been popular in the power supply research areas to study how to provide clean and uninterrupted power to electrical power system users. As a novel UPS system, the series-parallel compensated UPS appeared under the trend. Compared with the traditional double-conversion UPS, the series-parallel compensated UPS introduces the brand-new concept, it can be designed of smaller power rating, thus increasing the system efficiency and enhancing the operating reliability.
The series-parallel compensated UPS system with DSP controller is studied in this thesis. Firstly, significance of the research in series-parallel compensated UPS is explored, based on the current power quality, along with the development and classification of UPS. Then the system structure and operational principle are described, accordingly, the control strategy is analyzed and designed. The detecting methods of each current component for single phase circuit is thoroughly studied, a detecting method of single phase fundamental active current based on averaging filter is designed. Then the detailed design process for series-parallel compensated UPS with DSP controller is provided. Finally, a PSIM simulation model of series-parallel compensated UPS is built up and the experimental prototype has been developed. The simulation and experimental results validate the performance and rationality of proposed analysis and design.
引文
[1] 李成章,智能化 UPS 供电系统原理与维修,北京,电子工业出版社,1999:1~37
[2] Ming Tsung Tsai, Chia Hung Liu, Design and Implementation of a Cost-Effective Quasi Line- Interactive UPS With Novel Topology, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2003, 18(4): 1002~1011
[3] 刘飞,双变流器串-并联补偿式 UPS,[硕士学位论文],武汉,华中科技大学,2004
[4] 王晓钰,全数字串联型电能质量控制器的研制,[硕士学位论文],西安,西安交通大学,2004
[5] 刘凤君,Delta 逆变技术及其在交流电源中的应用,北京,机械工业出版社,2003:23~56
[6] Ito Youichi, Ishiguma Satoru, Takahashi Isao, New power conversion technique to obtain high performance and highefficiency for single-phase UPS, IEEE Industry Applications Conference, IAS 2001, Chicago, Illinios, USA, 2001, 4: 2383~2389
[7] 刘文芹,浅谈 UPS 发展趋势,电源世界,2006,2:28~30
[8] 刘希禹,UPS 系统技术和 Delta 变换 UPS 系统,邮电设计技术,2000,6:17~28
[9] 刘希禹,UPS 的性能分类与标准化 UPS 系统结构,电源世界,2006,10:16~24
[10] 李艳玲,数字化控制的 UPS 系统研究,[硕士学位论文],武汉,华中科技大学,2002
[11] 王林兵,何湘宁,UPS 的分类、关键技术分析与发展动态预测,电工技术杂志,2003,10:21~24
[12] Ke Dai, Peiguo Liu, Jian Xiong, et al., Study on Dual-DSP-Controlled Three-Phase Series-Parallel Compensated Line-Interactive UPS System (Delta conversion UPS), 2003 IEEE International Electric Machines and Drives Conference, IEMDC’03, Madison, Wisconsin, USA, 2003, 1: 436~442
[13] 许道飞,基于 DSP 的在线式 UPS 数字化控制技术,[硕士学位论文],杭州,浙江大学,2003
[14] Soren Rathmann, Henry A. Warner, New Generation UPS Technology, The Delta Conversion Principle, 1996 IEEE Industry Applications Conference, IAS’96, San Diego, California, USA, 1996, 4: 2389~2395
[15] Ke Dai, Peiguo Liu, Guixin Wang, et al., Novel Control Techniques for Three-Phase Three-Wire Series-Parallel Compensated Line-Interactive UPS System, 2003 IEEE Industrial Electronics Society, IECON’03, Roanoke, Virginia, USA, 2003, 1: 770~775
[16] Ke Dai, Peiguo Liu, Guixin Wang, et al., Practical Approaches and Novel Control Schemes for a Three-Wire Series-Parallel Compensated Universal Power Quality Conditioner, 2004 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition, APEC’04, Anaheim, California, USA, 2004, 1: 601~606
[17] 彭力,张凯,康勇,等,数字控制 PWM 逆变器性能分析及改进,中国电机工程学报,2006,26(18):65~70
[18] 陶永华,尹怡欣,葛芦生,新型 PID 控制及其应用,北京,机械工业出版社,1998:23~36
[19] 胡兴柳,基于重复控制技术的逆变电源研究,电力电子技术,2004,38(4):51~53
[20] Ying-Yu Tzou, Shih-Liang Jung, Hsin-Chung Yeh, Adaptive Repetitive Control of PWM Inverters for Very Low THD AC-Voltage Regulation with Unknown Loads, IEEE Transaction on Power Electronics, 1999, 14(5): 971~981
[21] 万健如,裴玮,张国香,统一电能质量调节器同步无差拍控制方法研究,中国电机工程学报,2005,25(13):63~67
[22] Nishida K, Konishi Y, Nakaoka M, Novel current control scheme with deadbeat algorithm for three-phase current-source active power filters, 2001 IEEE International Symposium, ISIE 2001, Pusan, South Korea, 2001: 805~810
[23] 于盛林,刘文波,冯绍红,模糊控制技术及应用,南京,南京航空航天大学出版社,1998:25~50
[24] 汪孟,刘亚东,黄立培,UPS 逆变器的数字控制,电力电子,2006,3:19~23
[25] Shen Zhongting, Yan Yangguang, Optimal PWM Based on Real-Time Solution with neural network, Transactions of Nanjing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics, 2002, 19(1): 24~30
[26] Xun Li, Pengcheng Zhu, Yinfu Yang,et al., A New Control Scheme for Series-Parallel Compensated UPS System, 2003 IEEE International Electric Machines and Drives Conference, IEMDC’03, Madison, Wisconsin, USA, 2003, 2: 1133~1136
[27] 刘进军,刘波,王兆安,基于瞬时无功功率理论的串联混合型单相有源滤波器,中国电机工程学报,1997,17(1):37~41
[28] A kagi H, Kanazaw a Y, N abae A, Instantaneous reactive power compensators comprising switching devices without energy storage components, IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 1984, 20(3): 625~633
[29] 丁海波,李含善,任永峰,等,并联型有源电力滤波器谐波检测的 DSP 实现,电力科学与工程,2006,2:63~66
[30] 任永峰,李含善,贺纲,等,两种单相电路瞬时谐波及无功电流实时检测方法分析,电力系统及其自动化学报,2003,15(1):95~99
[31] 李芬华,胡建军,一种单相电路谐波及基波电流检测方法,电测与仪表,2005,8:18~20
[32] 耿云玲,王群,单相电路的一种谐波和无功电流实时检测方法,国防科技大学学报,2000,22(4):111~115
[33] 程佩青,数字滤波与快速傅里叶变换,北京,清华大学出版社,1990:46~77
[34] 李鹏,高金峰,刘韶峰,电流平均值谐波检测法的 SIMULINK 仿真研究,微计算机信息,2004,20(8):43~44
[35] 李鹏,电流平均值谐波检测法 DSP 实现及其有源电力滤波器实验研究,[硕士学位论文],郑州,郑州大学,2004
[36] Tzuen-Lih Chern, Jerome Chang, Chien-Hung Chen, Microprocessor-Based Modified Discrete Integral Variable-structure Control for UPS, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 1999, 46(2): 340~345
[37] 戴珂,康勇,段善旭,等,一种新的三相补偿型 UPS,通信电源技术,2001,6:13~16
[38] 朱军卫,龚春英,孙林,半桥逆变器电容不均压问题的分析与研究,第十五届全国电源技术年会论文集,上海,2003:310~313
[39] 吴谓,基于双 CPU 的 UPS 控制技术研究,[硕士学位论文],南京,南京航空航天大学,2003
[40] 刘和平,严利平,张学锋,等,TMS320LF240xDSP 结构、原理及应用,北京,北京航空航天大学出版社,2002:1~71
[41] 向建玲,基于 DSP 的 UPS 数字化控制技术研究,[硕士学位论文],南京,南京航空航天大学,2003
[42] Bong-Hwan Kwon, Jin-Ha Choi, Tae-Won Kim, Improved Single-Phase Line-Interactive UPS, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2001, 48(4): 804~811
[43] Xun Li, Pengcheng Zhu, Yinfu Yang, et al., Experimental Investigation of a Three-phaseSeries-Parallel Compensated UPS for Non-Linear Load, 2003 IEEE Industrial Electronics Society, IECON’03, Roanoke, Virginia, USA, 2003, 1: 794~799
[44] Ke Dai, Peiguo Liu, Jian Xiong, et al., Comparative Study on Current Control for Three-phase SVPWM Voltage-Source Converter in Synchronous Rotating Frame Using Complex Vector Method, 2003 IEEE Conference on Power Electronics Specialist, PESC’03, Acapulco, Mexico, 2003, 2: 695~700
[45] 刘飞,邹云屏,李辉,基于重复控制的电压源型逆变器输出电流波形控制方法,中国电机工程学报,2005,25(19):58~63