摘要
本研究关注了老年生活中的老年学习现象,运用访谈研究法深入访谈了十多位老年学习者。根据这些受访者的学习生活经历,重点挖掘了其中的五位。在对他们参与的老年学习现象进行了“本土”描述的基础上,对老年学习现象与老年生活故事进行了深度分析与解读。
首先,本研究对受访者进行了梳理,从中找寻了具有代表性的五位。本研究根据这五位受访者的工作职务或职称,把他们分别命名为嵇工程师、刘设计师、王财务、顾护士和金技术员。尽管他们在当年的工作单位分别从事着不同层次的工作,而今天他们却有着一个共同的身份,那就是老年学习者。本研究就他们以主人公的身份与读者分享着他们的学习故事。
退休之后的嵇工程师,这位孜孜不倦的老年学习者发现,学习让她从退休后的失落中找到了新的人生方向,她接受了“‘老’是人生的自然规律”。所以,既然选择了学习,就要“学出个样子”。而且,学习也驱散了她退休之后的“失落感”。良好的学习环境与氛围让她受益匪浅,美好的社区生活增添了彼此的理解和信任,家庭生活离不开学习的积极影响。学习已经俨然成为她退休生活的一部分。
退休后的刘设计师,这位认真执着的老年学习者是在偶遇的学习中让他有了学习的收获与喜悦,也让他实现了年轻时的追求。他的家人以不同的方式支持了他的学习活动,他与女儿还实现了在两国不同的居住地之间以画交流,而他的朋友在欣赏了他的学习成果之后都表示了极大的羡慕之情。
王财务是因为治愈了癌症后需要康复疗养而不得不提前退休的,她深深地感到是学习让她变得心胸豁达,她觉得是学习给她的退休生活带来了希望。因此,她的学习热情很高,她要开开心心过好每一天,学习也让她收获了很多。她不仅得到了家人提供给她的学习机会,也获得了社区提供的学习环境。她们同学之间的友谊与学习同行,既让她认真对待每一天的学习,更感受到了同学、社区大家庭的温暖与关心。
退休后的顾护士,这位努力追赶时光的老年学习者在退休之前就开始为退休后的生活点燃了学习的火种,所以,她对待学习很投入,而艰辛的学习也让她赢得了许多收获。她不仅能与同学互相帮助、共同提高,还能把学习跟家务活紧密交融。她设计好在家学琴的时间,她考虑到学琴不能影响邻居生活。这种与家人、与邻里之间的和睦关系既给她的学习带来了便利,也给家人和邻里带来了积极的影响。这些充实的老年学习生活让她深深感到自己的一生没白活。
退休后的金技术员,这位学习让她脱胎换骨的老年学习者在退休后的前五年深受整天萎靡不振的精神困扰,是学习跳舞让她精神焕发,是身边人给了她学习的支持。尽管在她的学习过程中也存在着一些无奈与困惑,参与老年学习还是让她结识了许多同学,对自身学习的感悟让她体会到了学习作为退休生活的重要部分的乐趣。所以,她还在精心勾画着自己未来的学习,并希望能在细微处得到关心和支持。
本研究从上述老年生活中的学习故事的角度分别对老年生活与老年学习之间相关性做了深层次论述。
相关性之一就是老年学习源自于老年生活。本研究从老年物质生活的期盼、老年精神生活的理解、老年家庭生活的尊重以及老年社会生活的关注等角度论述了二者的渊源关系。
相关性之二就是老年学习融于了老年生活。本研究从老年物质生活的组成、老年精神生活的体现、老年家庭生活的缩影以及老年社会生活的表现等角度论述了二者之间的互为存在关系。
相关性之三就是老年学习丰富了老年生活。本研究从老年物质生活发展、提升了老年精神生活质量、融洽了老年家庭生活关系以及强化了老年社会生活意义等角度展现了老年学习对老年生活的促进意义。
This study focuses on the phenomenon of the elderly aged learning in their lives, interviewing dozens of elderly learners with the in-depth interviews research. Among these learning-life experiences of the respondents, the study focuses on five of them. Mining the elderly study phenomenon with a "native" description, this article studies the phenomenon of elderly learning and lives stories with deeply analysis and interpretation.
Sorting the respondents, the study finds a representative of five. According to their jobs or titles, they are named Engineer Ji, Designer Liu, Accountant Wang, Nurse Gu and Technician Jin. Although they were engaged in their work with different levels in those years, today they have the same identity, that is, elderly learners. In this study, their learning stories are shared.
Engineer Ji, the tireless elder aged learner, found that learning makes her find a new direction in her new life from the loss of retirement, and she accepts the idea that "old" is a natural law of life. So, she should "do well" since she chooses the learning. Moreover, learning also dispels "the sense of loss" after her retirement. Good learning environment and atmosphere have benefited her, nice community life increases more mutual understanding and trust, positive impact on family life is inseparable from her elderly learning. Learning has been becoming a part of her retirement.
After retirement, Designer Liu, who is a seriously dedicated elderly learner, gets the harvest and joys of learning with the encounter learning, whice allows him to achieve his youthful pursuit. His family support his learning activities in different ways, his daughter abroad exchanges with him by achieving pictures, and his friends express their admiration after enjoying the harvest of his learning.
Accountant Wang had to retire early because of the need of recuperate after cancer cure, she feels learning makes her become open-minded and brings hope to her retirement. Therefore, her passion for learning is very high. She wants to live each day happy, and she also gains a lot. She not only gets the opportunities available to learning from her family, also owns the learning environment from community. Friendship and learning among the students are peering, which not only lets her take learning seriously every day, but lets her feel the warmth and care of family, class and community.
After retirement, Nurse Gu, who tries her best to catch up with the time, open the door of learning before retirement. So she has been putting her heart into learning, and hard work lets her harvest a lot. She not only helps with the other students and improves together, but also mingles learning closely with the housework. She designs the piano-palying time appropriately, which can't disturb the neighbors living. The harmonious relation with family, and the neighborhood not only brings the convenience to her learning, but also has a positive impact on the family and the neighborhood. All of the rich elderly aged learning makes her a happy life.
After retirement, Technician Jin, whom learning makes reborn, was plagued by mental distress all day for five years after retirement. Learning dance makes her in high spirits and people around support her learning. Despite some frustration and confusion in her learning process, she becomes acquainted with many of classmates during her learning. Perception of her own learning experience makes her realize that learning is an important part of the fun of retirement. So she is still careful to outline her future learning, and hope to get the care and support in every detail.
This study makes the deep discussion to the correlation between the elder aged learning and their lives from the perspective of the learning story of elder aged lives above.
The first correlation is that elder aged learning comes from the elderly lives. This study discusses the origins of the relationship between the two from the angles such as the expectant of material lives and the understanding of spiritual lives of the elderly, the respect of the elderly family life and the concern about the social lives of the elderly.
The second correlation is that elderly aged learning becomes fully integrated into the elderly lives. This study discusses the inter-relationship between the two from the angles such as the composition of the material lives of the elderly, the reflection of the spiritual of the elderly life, the epitome of family life and the manifestations of social life in elderly.
The third correlation is that elderly aged learning enriches elderly lives. This study demonstrates the significance of elderly aged learning promoting the elderly lives from the angles such as developing the material lives and enhancing the spiritual lives quality of the elderly, strengthening the harmonious relationship among the elderly family and the sense of social life in elderly.
引文
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