摘要
胜利油区自六十年代发现以来经历了勘探、开发等多个阶段,开采方式有常规水驱开发、稠油热采、化学驱油等。目前全区整体进入高含水开发阶段,剩余油分布复杂,挖潜难度很大。实践证明密闭取心井是最为直观、准确、定量描述剩余油的方法,胜利油区到目前为止,有密闭取心井80多口,利用胜利油区密闭取心资料丰富的优势,在岩心资料、测井资料、钻井资料和开发动态资料的基础上,建立科学的剩余油评价方法,在此基础之上通过岩心实验分析评价不同开发方式下(常规水驱、聚合物驱以及稠油热采)剩余油分布规律,同时利用物理模拟方法从驱油效率和波及系数两个方面入手研究剩余油分布的影响因素。论文的主要成果及认识如下:
(1)应用模糊数学理论建立了一套较为完善的密闭取心水淹评价体系,综合利用密闭取心驱油效率、现场实验和岩心观察等资料构建油层水淹状况评价模型,可以在充分考虑定量的实验数据的同时,将岩心的颜色、含油性及微观油水分布状况等定性描述纳入其中,使最终评价结果更为科学可靠。
(2)针对疏松砂岩油藏,进行了挥发过程及岩心上提过程的室内实验,按照取心过程“逆流而上”分别进行了挥发校正、孔隙度变化校正、降压脱气校正以及钻井液侵入校正。校正结果显示,岩心上提过程导致油、水饱和度损失量最大,其中含水饱和度损失13.7%,含油饱和度损失6.5%。同时疏松砂岩油藏取心还需要考虑钻井液侵入对油、水饱和度影响,对全侵和强侵样品进行饱和度校正。
(3)通过对胜利油区80余口密闭取心井的统计,从战略上提出了剩余油“普遍分布,局部富集”的观点,这为高含水油田进行规模化挖潜提供了依据。
(4)建立了单井夹层定量划分的方法,综合利用自然伽玛变化梯度、微梯度变化梯度、微电位变化梯度、微电极幅度差、声波时差变化梯度、井径变化梯度等参数能够较为灵敏地识别夹层性质。
(5)从层内、层间、平面等方面定量研究了余油的主要影响因素。
Shengli Oilfield has experienced the exploration, development and other stages since the 1960'. Development methods are conventional water flooding, heavy oil thermal recovery, chemical flooding oil,etc.. Now Shengli Oilfield is in the high water development stage. The distribution of remaining oil is difficult, and difficulty of continue development is very big. Sealed coring is the most visual, accurate and quantitative description method of remaining oil. Now, there are about 80 sealed coring wells in Shengli Oilfield. Evaluation of remaining oil is built based on core data, log data, well data and development data. Evaluation of the distribution law of remaining oil is done by core test under different development methods. Influencing factors of distribution of remaining oil is studied from displacement efficiency and sweep efficiency by physical simulation. The main results are as follows:
(1) A set of perfect flooding evaluation system of sealed coring is built in fuzzy mathematics. Evolution model of water out behavior is built with sealed coring displacement efficiency, field core test and core observation. The quantitative test data is the main factor. At the same time, the color, oiliness and distribution of micro oil-water are considered in evaluation system. So the evaluation result is more scientific and reliable.
(2) In this research, volatilization process and raising cores process are tested for correcting. Volatilization, degassing, porosity and mud Invading are corrected according to reversing process of coring in unconsolidated sand reservior. The correction result shows that loss amount caused by raising cores is the biggest. In this process, the water saturation loss 13.7%, and oil saturation loss 6.5%. And the influence caused by mud invading shoud be considered in coring of unconsolidated sand reservior. Oil and water saturation shoud be corrected for complete invading specimen and high invading specimen.
(3) The distribution of remaining oil is universal and the enrichment of remaining oil is partial which is brought up from a strategic point of view by statistic 80 sealed coring wells in Shengli Oilfield. This idea provide a basis for continue development in in the high water oilfield.
(4) According to characters of lithology and physical property of interbeds, the types of interbed could be divided into muddy interbed, calcareous interbed and silty mud interbed in fluvial reservior.
(5) The main factors of remaining oil is studied quantitatively from the inner layer, interlayer and plane,etc..
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