摘要
随着沥青混凝土基础理论和路面工程技术的迅速发展,沥青混凝土已成为最重要的高速公路路面结构材料,同时还被广泛应用于机场跑道。因此,从军事需出发,研究沥青混凝土材料在高速冲击与侵彻条件下的力学性能具有重要意义。
本论文以军事需求为牵引,以沥青混凝土本构方程和本构参数为研究目标,对沥青混凝土的本构模型进行了理论分析,对三种沥青混凝土材料在不同应变率和温度条件下的应力—应变关系进行了试验研究。
1.对商业软件LS-DYNA970中的MAT-147本构模型进行了学习,分析了将该模型应用于沥青混凝土材料的可行性。
2.按国家规范,研制了AC-16、AM-10、AM-20三种级配的沥青混凝土试件,并按试验规程测定了其常态密度,依次为:2.48 g/cm~3、2.30 g/cm~3、2.41 g/cm~3。
3.对AC-16、AM-10、AM-20三种型号的沥青混凝土分别进行了两个温度、三种应变率下的SHPB套筒围压实验。实验中,采用了方便有效的加温、降温的方式和在入射杆的被打击面粘多层胶布的整形技术。
4.通过对比实验表明:沥青混凝土的力学特性对温度比较敏感,温度越高,强度将显著变小;它的力学特性还与加载速率有关,应变率越大,材料所表现出来的强度会明显增大;在沥青混凝土强度构成上,粘结力是重要组成部分,在一定条件下起决定作用。
综上所述,本文对沥青混凝土材料的动态力学性能进行了大量的理论和试验探索研究,得到了一些规律性的认识,从而为进一步研究沥青混凝土的毁伤效应提供了较丰富的素材。
In this dissertation, asphalt concrete is taken as research object and its constitutive theoretical model and the stress-strain relations under high strain rate is studied, besides the influence of confining pressure, temperature, grading factor on the intensity is studiedas well.
1. The MAT-147 constitutive model in LS-DYNA970 software is analyzed by theoretical,and the feasibility of using the model on asphalt concrete is studied.
2. Some important parameters, which are used to simulating the model, are proposed by Triaxial experiment and SHPB sleeve confining pressure experiment. In addition,The theoretical method of computing and fitting the parameters is provided.
3. The SHPB sleeve confining pressure experiment on the AC-16, AM-10 AM-20 asphalt concrete is done under two temperature and three strain rate. A convenient and effective heating, cooling method and the technology of multi-layer plastic sheets against the surface of the incident was applied.
4. The comparing experiment shows that: the mechanical properties of asphalt concrete is sensitive to temperature, the higher the temperature, the smaller the intensity; it also has something to do with loading rate, the greater the strain rate, the more significantly increased of the intensity demonstrated by the material; the strength of AC model is obvious higher than AM model.
The theoretical research asphalt Concrete constitutive model and the influencing factor of mechanical properties under high strain rate provide a theoretical basis and a experimental basis for the further study on the constitutive relationship.
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